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Phosphopeptide Enrichment Coupled with Label-free Quantitative Mass Spectrometry to Investigate the Phosphoproteome in Prostate Cancer
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Potential Diagnostic Biomarker Detection for Prostate Cancer Using Untargeted and Targeted Metabolomic Profiling.

Diana Nitusca1,2, Carmen Socaciu3, Andreea Iulia Socaciu4

  • 1Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Pta Eftimie Murgu Nr. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania.

Current Issues in Molecular Biology
|June 27, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Researchers identified five key metabolites in plasma that are decreased in prostate cancer (PCa) patients. Spermine, acetylcarnitine, and L-tryptophan show high accuracy as potential non-invasive biomarkers for early PCa detection.

Keywords:
biomarkersdiagnosismetabolomicsprostate cancer

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Metabolomics
  • Biomarker Discovery

Background:

  • Prostate cancer (PCa) is a leading cause of cancer mortality in men globally.
  • Current diagnostic methods lack specific, non-invasive early detection and staging biomarkers.
  • Altered cellular metabolism in early cancer stages makes metabolomics a promising research area.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To discover novel, non-invasive biomarkers for prostate cancer diagnosis using metabolomics.
  • To identify specific molecules with altered profiles in PCa plasma samples.
  • To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of potential candidate biomarkers.

Main Methods:

  • Untargeted metabolomic profiling of 48 PCa plasma samples and 23 healthy controls.
  • Utilized ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QTOF-[ESI+]-MS).
  • Performed targeted metabolomics on five selected metabolites: L-proline, L-tryptophan, acetylcarnitine, lysophosphatidylcholine C18:2, and spermine.

Main Results:

  • All five selected metabolites were found to be decreased in PCa plasma compared to controls.
  • Spermine, acetylcarnitine, and L-tryptophan demonstrated high diagnostic accuracy (AUCs of 0.992, 0.923, and 0.981, respectively).
  • These findings suggest these metabolites are potential biomarkers for PCa detection, irrespective of cancer stage.

Conclusions:

  • Altered metabolite levels in plasma can serve as specific and non-invasive biomarkers for prostate cancer.
  • The identified metabolites, particularly spermine, acetylcarnitine, and L-tryptophan, hold significant promise for early PCa detection.
  • Metabolomics offers novel avenues for advancing prostate cancer diagnostics and potentially therapeutic strategies.