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Enkephalin biosynthesis and processing during lactation.

J D White, J F McKelvy

    Neuroendocrinology
    |January 1, 1986
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Lactation stimulates Met-enkephalin biosynthesis in rats, with precursor processing remaining constant. Enkephalins play a key role in regulating anterior pituitary function.

    Area of Science:

    • Neuroendocrinology
    • Molecular Biology
    • Peptide Biochemistry

    Background:

    • Met-enkephalin-containing peptides are crucial neuropeptides involved in various physiological processes.
    • The hypothalamo-hypophysial system is a key neuroendocrine axis regulating hormone release.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the biosynthesis of Met-enkephalin-containing peptides in the hypothalamo-hypophysial system of normal and lactating rats.
    • To determine the impact of lactation on Met-enkephalin precursor processing and gene expression.

    Main Methods:

    • In vivo radiolabeling of peptides in rat hypothalamo-hypophysial systems.
    • Sequential high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) for purification of radiolabeled peptides.
    • Measurement of preproenkephalin mRNA levels.

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    Main Results:

    • Met-enkephalin biosynthesis was significantly stimulated during lactation.
    • The ratios of processed Met-enkephalin peptides (Met5-enkephalin, Met5Arg6Gly7Leu8-enkephalin, Met5Arg6Phe7-enkephalin) remained constant between lactating and non-lactating states.
    • Radioactive enkephalin levels were 8-fold higher in the median eminence compared to the posterior pituitary.
    • Preproenkephalin mRNA levels increased during lactation.

    Conclusions:

    • Lactation enhances Met-enkephalin biosynthesis without altering post-translational processing pathways.
    • Enkephalins are implicated in the regulation of anterior pituitary function, particularly during lactation.
    • The median eminence is a primary site for enkephalin accumulation within the hypothalamo-hypophysial system.