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Risk factors of pediatric ocular trauma related to ophthalmic complications

Takaaki Mori1,2, Masakazu Kinoshita1, Osamu Nomura3

  • 1Division of Pediatric Emergency Medicine, Department of Pediatric Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Tokyo Metropolitan Children's Medical Center, Fuchu, Japan.

Pediatrics International : Official Journal of the Japan Pediatric Society
|June 27, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Pediatric ocular injuries can lead to vision loss. Daytime emergency department visits, sharp object impacts, animal injuries, and open globe injuries are key risk factors for complications in children.

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Pediatric Emergency Medicine
  • Trauma Surgery

Background:

  • Ocular injury is a significant cause of acquired monocular blindness in children.
  • Limited data exists on the specific injury types associated with ophthalmological complications in pediatric ocular trauma.
  • This study addresses the need to identify risk factors for adverse ophthalmological outcomes following eye injuries in children.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the risk factors associated with ophthalmological complications in pediatric ocular injuries.
  • To identify specific injury mechanisms and clinical presentations that increase the likelihood of complications.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective observational study of pediatric patients (<16 years) with ocular trauma.
  • Data collected from a Japanese pediatric emergency department (March 2010-March 2021).
  • Analysis included injury mechanism, symptoms, diagnosis, and ophthalmological complications, with odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) calculated.

Main Results:

  • 469 patients were analyzed; contusion was the most common diagnosis (79.3%).
  • Ophthalmological complications occurred in 1.5% of patients.
  • Factors significantly associated with complications included daytime emergency department visits, sharp object impact, animal-related injuries, visual impairment, decreased visual acuity, and open globe injury.

Conclusions:

  • Daytime emergency department visits, sharp object impact, animal-related injuries, visual impairment, decreased visual acuity, and open globe injuries are independent risk factors for ophthalmological complications.
  • These findings highlight critical factors for risk assessment and management of pediatric ocular trauma.
  • Early identification of these risk factors can aid in preventing severe visual outcomes.
Abstract

Keywords:
Ocular traumachildrisk factor

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