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Autonomic Integration in Nested Protocell Communities.

Zhuping Yin1, Ning Gao1,2, Can Xu1

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Journal of the American Chemical Society
|June 27, 2023
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers created self-organizing, nested protocell communities that mimic multicellular systems. These artificial cell communities exhibit coordinated functions and can be stabilized or disintegrated on demand.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomimetic materials science
  • Synthetic biology
  • Soft matter physics

Background:

  • Model protocells offer a platform for understanding life's origins and building artificial cellular systems.
  • Achieving coordinated behavior and higher-order organization in synthetic cells remains a significant challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a semi-autonomous mechanism for creating nested, symbiotic protocell communities.
  • To explore the self-organization and functional integration of artificial cellular systems.
  • To engineer reconfigurable cytomimetic materials with complex structural and functional properties.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized an endosymbiotic-like pathway for capturing proteinosomes within alginate/silk fibroin coacervate vesicles.
  • Demonstrated morphology changes in coacervate vesicles mediated by enzyme activity (urease/glucose oxidase).
  • Implemented fuel-driven processes for self-driving capacity and enzyme-mediated matrix reinforcement for structural stabilization.

Main Results:

  • Successfully formed discrete nested communities of protocells with integrated catalytic activity.
  • Showcased selective disintegration of these communities.
  • Achieved structural stabilization through dipeptide supramolecular assembly and tyramine-alginate cross-linking.
  • Demonstrated modulation of self-driving capacity via internalized starch hydrolases.

Conclusions:

  • The study presents a novel semi-autonomous mechanism for constructing symbiotic, cell-like nested communities.
  • This work advances the development of artificial multicellularity and reconfigurable cytomimetic materials.
  • The findings open avenues for creating materials with emergent structural, functional, and organizational complexity.