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Published on: June 12, 2020
Evaluation of the frequency of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in patients with asthma
Matineh Nirouei1, Mona Kouchekali1, Homa Sadri2,3
1Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran.
Insights
This study found that 6.8% of children with asthma also had Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Severe asthma and certain allergies were identified as risk factors for this comorbidity.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Allergy and Immunology
- Neurodevelopmental Disorders
- Respiratory Medicine
Background:
- Asthma, a chronic inflammatory airway disease, is prevalent in children.
- Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder.
- The link between inflammatory conditions like asthma and ADHD is not well-established.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence of ADHD in pediatric asthma patients.
- To identify potential risk factors associated with ADHD in this population.
- To inform clinical practice regarding the comorbidity of asthma and ADHD.
Main Methods:
- A cross-sectional study involving 677 children aged 6-18 with asthma.
- Data collected included demographics, medical history, and allergy status.
- ADHD diagnosis utilized the Persian version of the Conners Parent Behavioral Problems Rating Scale (CPRS-26).
Main Results:
- 46 out of 677 asthmatic patients (6.8%) were diagnosed with ADHD.
- Higher ADHD prevalence was observed in rural populations, males, and those with a history of food allergy, allergic rhinitis, urticaria, or eczema.
- A history of Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) admission was also linked to increased ADHD likelihood.
Conclusions:
- Severe asthma is a significant risk factor for ADHD in children.
- Physicians should consider the potential for ADHD comorbidity in asthmatic patients.
- Early identification and referral for psychological evaluation are recommended for symptomatic asthmatic children.
Background:
Asthma is the most prevalent respiratory disease caused by chronic airway inflammation. Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is children's most common psychological and neurodevelopmental disorder. Increased risk for ADHD in patients with inflammatory and autoimmune diseases supports the role of inflammatory mechanisms in the occurrence of ADHD. However, the association between asthma and ADHD remains unclear.
Objective:
This study was designed to evaluate the prevalence of ADHD in patients with asthma who were referred to the clinic of allergy and clinical immunology.
Methods:
This cross-sectional study was conducted on children aged 6 to 18 with asthma at Imam Ali hospital, Karaj, Iran. The patient's demographic data, history of childbirth delivery type, premature birth, hospital admission, family income, birth rate, and family history information related to the patient's asthma and medicines were recorded. ADHD diagnosis was made using the Persian version of Conners Parent Behavioral Problems Rating Scale (CPRS-26).
Results:
In this study, 677 asthmatic patients were enrolled; 46 patients (6.8%) had ADHD. The probability of ADHD in asthmatic patients inhabited in a rural area, males, and patients with a history of food allergy, allergic rhinitis, urticaria, and eczema was significantly higher (p < 0.05). In addition, our result demonstrated that the likelihood of ADHD in patients with asthma and a history of PICU admission was significantly higher (p < 0.05).
Conclusions:
The present study showed that severe asthma, was the risk factor for ADHD in patients with asthma. Physicians should be aware of this co-morbidity to refer asthmatic patients who have the symptoms of ADHD to a psychologist.
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