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Related Concept Videos

Atomic Force Microscopy01:08

Atomic Force Microscopy

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Atomic force microscopy (AFM) is a type of scanning probe microscopy that can analyze topographic details of various specimens like ceramics, glass, polymers, and biological samples. AFM offers over 1000 times more resolution than the optical imaging system. Images generated from AFM are three-dimensional surface profiles, offering an advantage over the flat, two-dimensional images from other imaging techniques.
The AFM Probe
The probe is regarded as the heart of any AFM setup and comprises the...
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Updated: Jul 25, 2025

Investigating Single Molecule Adhesion by Atomic Force Spectroscopy
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Bacterial Adhesion Strength on Titanium Surfaces Quantified by Atomic Force Microscopy: A Systematic Review.

Juliana Dias Corpa Tardelli1, Vanderlei Salvador Bagnato2, Andréa Cândido Dos Reis1

  • 1Department of Dental Materials and Prosthesis, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto 14040-904, Brazil.

Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland)
|June 28, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Bacterial adhesion to titanium implants is influenced by surface hydrophobicity, not just roughness. Hydrophobic bacteria can bond to hydrophilic surfaces, and biofilm formation is more affected by treatments reducing adhesion areas than by surface texture. Time-dependent studies are crucial for understanding bacterial adaptation.

Keywords:
AFMatomic force microscopybacteriabacterial adhesiondental implanttitanium

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Microbiology
  • Surface Chemistry

Background:

  • Understanding bacterial adhesion to implant materials is critical for preventing infections.
  • Titanium and its alloys are widely used in dental and orthopedic implants.
  • Quantifying bacterial adhesion strength at the molecular level remains challenging.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify key biophysical factors influencing bacterial adhesion strength on titanium surfaces.
  • To systematically review atomic force microscopy (AFM) quantified data on bacterial adhesion to titanium and its alloys.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic literature review following PRISMA guidelines.
  • Searches conducted across four databases, with a two-stage selection process.
  • Risk of bias assessment for included studies.

Main Results:

  • Contrary to existing literature, hydrophobic bacteria were found to adhere to hydrophilic titanium surfaces via hydrogen bonds.
  • Surface treatments reducing areas favorable for bacterial adhesion were more impactful on biofilm formation than surface roughness.
  • Bacterial adaptation mechanisms over time, influencing colonization, were not fully elucidated in the reviewed studies.

Conclusions:

  • Bacterial adhesion to titanium is complex, influenced by hydrophobicity and hydrogen bonding, challenging the hydrophilicity preference.
  • Strategies targeting adhesion areas are more effective against biofilm than altering surface roughness.
  • Future research should incorporate time-dependent analyses to capture bacterial adaptation during colonization.