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Updated: Jul 25, 2025

A Neonatal Imaging Model of Gram-Negative Bacterial Sepsis
08:46

A Neonatal Imaging Model of Gram-Negative Bacterial Sepsis

Published on: August 12, 2020

6.5K

Use of Newer and Repurposed Antibiotics against Gram-Negative Bacteria in Neonates

Angeliki Kontou1, Maria Kourti2, Elias Iosifidis2,3

  • 11st Department of Neonatology and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Hippokration General Hospital, Thessaloniki 54642, Greece.

Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland)
|June 28, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Antimicrobial resistance in newborns is a major concern. This review examines novel and existing antibiotics effective against multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria in neonates, addressing a critical gap in treatment options.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal Medicine
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global health crisis, with multidrug-resistant Gram-negative (MDR-GN) bacteria posing a significant threat.
  • Neonatal populations are particularly vulnerable to MDR-GN infections due to limited safe and effective therapeutic choices.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current evidence on novel and older antibiotics active against MDR-GN bacteria relevant for neonatal sepsis.
  • To highlight the scarcity of neonatal-specific data for antibiotic efficacy, safety, and dosing.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on antibiotics targeting MDR-GN bacteria.
  • Focus on agents with potential application in neonatal settings, including new beta-lactam/beta-lactamase inhibitors and older antibiotics like colistin and tigecycline.

Main Results:

  • Limited clinical trial data exist for neonates regarding new antibiotic agents.
  • Many older antibiotics are used off-label in neonates for MDR-GN infections.
  • Several novel and older antibiotics show activity against MDR-GN pathogens.

Conclusions:

  • There is an urgent need for more research and clinical trials evaluating antibiotic treatments in neonates.
  • Optimizing the use of existing and novel antimicrobials is crucial for combating MDR-GN infections in vulnerable newborns.

Keywords:
ceftazidime–avibactamceftolozane/tazobactamcolistinfosfomycinimipenem/cilastatin–relabactammeropenem–vaborbactamneonatestigecycline

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