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LIN28B and Let-7 in Diffuse Midline Glioma: A Review

Truman Knowles1, Tina Huang2, Jin Qi2

  • 1W.M. Keck Science Department, Scripps, Pitzer, and Claremont McKenna Colleges, Claremont, CA 91711, USA.

Cancers
|June 28, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Diffuse midline glioma (DMG), a lethal childhood cancer, involves epigenetic changes leading to LIN28B overexpression. This overexpression blocks let-7 microRNAs, which normally suppress tumors and promote cell maturation.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric oncology
  • Epigenetics
  • RNA biology

Background:

  • Diffuse midline glioma (DMG) represents the most lethal pediatric cancer.
  • DMGs arise from epigenetic dysregulation and mutations affecting cell proliferation and migration.
  • Overexpression of LIN28B RNA binding protein is a key feature in DMG pathogenesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the literature on LIN28A/B and let-7 microRNAs in gliomagenesis.
  • To elucidate the role of LIN28B in the context of DMG.
  • To identify future research directions for understanding LIN28B in DMG.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of scientific articles on LIN28A/B, let-7 family, and gliomagenesis.
  • Analysis of the functional consequences of LIN28B overexpression in DMG.
  • Synthesis of current knowledge regarding epigenetic and genetic drivers of DMG.

Main Results:

  • LIN28B overexpression, driven by epigenetic and genetic factors, is a consequence of the DMG landscape.
  • LIN28B inhibits the biogenesis of let-7 microRNAs.
  • let-7 microRNAs normally suppress tumorigenic pathways and promote cellular maturation by targeting oncogenes.

Conclusions:

  • LIN28B plays a critical role in the development of diffuse midline gliomas.
  • The LIN28B-let-7 axis is a significant target for understanding and potentially treating DMG.
  • Further research into LIN28B overexpression and localization mechanisms in DMG is warranted.
Keywords:
LIN28Bdevelopmental axisdiffuse midline gliomalet-7

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