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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry and Microbiology
  • Gastroenterology
  • Metabolic Disorders

Background:

  • D-lactate is produced in minimal amounts by human tissues but significantly by intestinal bacteria.
  • Elevated D-lactate levels in the gut can lead to systemic absorption and D-lactic acidosis, particularly in pediatric short bowel syndrome.
  • Subclinical elevations of D-lactate in gastrointestinal diseases are less understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the pathophysiology of D-lactate in the human body.
  • To discuss D-lactic acidosis and subclinical D-lactate elevations in gastrointestinal diseases.
  • To explore the potential of D-lactate as a biomarker for intestinal barrier integrity and dysbiosis.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of D-lactate pathophysiology.
  • Analysis of D-lactic acidosis in short bowel syndrome.
  • Examination of subclinical D-lactate elevations in other GI conditions.
  • Discussion of D-lactate's role in dysbiosis and intestinal barrier function.

Main Results:

  • D-lactate accumulation can cause life-threatening D-lactic acidosis, especially in pediatric short bowel syndrome.
  • Subclinical increases in D-lactate may occur in various gastrointestinal diseases.
  • D-lactate shows potential as an indicator of intestinal barrier integrity linked to gut dysbiosis.

Conclusions:

  • Further research is needed to establish D-lactate as a minimally invasive biomarker for gastrointestinal diseases.
  • Understanding D-lactate metabolism is crucial for diagnosing and managing certain GI conditions.
  • D-lactate may serve as a valuable indicator of gut health and barrier function.