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Multi-Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) in 2023: Is It Time to Forget about It?
Francesco La Torre1, Andrea Taddio2, Chiara Conti3
1Pediatric Rheumatology Center, Department of Pediatrics, Giovanni XXIII Pediatric Hospital, University of Bari, 70121 Bari, Italy.
Insights
Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) incidence decreased due to SARS-CoV-2 mutations and vaccines. This review covers MIS-C incidence changes, vaccine links, and updated treatments.
Area of Science:
- Pediatrics
- Infectious Diseases
- Immunology
Background:
- Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is a severe, hospital-requiring condition with fever, organ dysfunction, and elevated inflammatory markers.
- MIS-C was initially identified as a post-infectious complication of SARS-CoV-2, the virus causing COVID-19.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review recent updates on MIS-C, focusing on incidence trends.
- To examine the relationship between SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and MIS-C development.
- To summarize current therapeutic advancements for MIS-C.
Main Methods:
- This study is a narrative review of recent literature on MIS-C.
- The review synthesizes information on epidemiological changes and treatment strategies.
Main Results:
- The incidence of MIS-C has declined.
- SARS-CoV-2 mutations and the rollout of COVID-19 vaccines have contributed to this decrease.
- Recent treatment updates for MIS-C are discussed.
Conclusions:
- The evolving landscape of SARS-CoV-2 has impacted MIS-C incidence.
- Understanding the vaccine-MIS-C link and treatment progress is crucial for managing pediatric inflammatory conditions.
Abstract:
Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is defined as a clinically serious condition requiring hospitalization involving fever, multi-system organ dysfunction, and an increase in inflammatory biomarkers. The syndrome was originally described as a post-infectious complication of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, which usually causes COVID-19. During the COVID-19 pandemic, not only did the virus undergo mutations but vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 were also developed. Both these conditions led to a decrease in the incidence of MIS-C. This narrative review summarizes the recent updates for MIS-C, particularly regarding the change in incidence, the link between the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine and MIS-C, and new updates of MIS-C treatments.
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