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Establishing Organoids from Human Tooth as a Powerful Tool Toward Mechanistic Research and Regenerative Therapy

Establishing Organoids from Human Tooth as a Powerful Tool Toward Mechanistic Research and Regenerative Therapy

Published on: April 13, 2022

3D Organoids for Regenerative Endodontics.

Fang-Chi Li¹, Anil Kishen¹

¹Dental Research Institute, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1G6, Canada.

|June 28, 2023

Summary

Apical periodontitis hinders root development in immature teeth. Advanced 3D tissue models are crucial for understanding cellular interactions and optimizing treatments in regenerative endodontics.

Area of Science:

Dental science
Regenerative medicine
Tissue engineering

Background:

Apical periodontitis, a microbial-driven inflammation, impedes root development in immature permanent teeth.
Current understanding of cellular interactions and mediator roles in immature root apical periodontitis and healing is limited.
Traditional 2D cell cultures inadequately represent the in vivo pulpal and periapical tissue complexity.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the fundamentals of apical periodontitis and challenges in immature root regeneration.
To explore cellular interactions, particularly mesenchymal stem cells and macrophages, in this context.
To highlight the application of 3D cell culture models for advancing regenerative endodontics.

Main Methods:

This narrative review synthesizes current knowledge on apical periodontitis and regenerative endodontics.

Keywords:

cell interactions in vitro models organoids regenerative endodontics

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It examines the limitations of 2D cell cultures and the advantages of 3D tissue constructs.

The review discusses stem cell-immune cell interactions and the role of mediators in simulated environments.

Main Results:

Three-dimensional (3D) tissue constructs offer a more physiologically relevant model for studying multi-cell interactions.
3D models facilitate high-throughput testing of stem cell-immune cell crosstalk and mediator roles.
Well-designed 3D models are essential for understanding disease and healing for therapeutic optimization.

Conclusions:

Understanding cellular dynamics in immature root apical periodontitis requires advanced models beyond 2D cultures.
3D tissue constructs and dental-pulp organoids represent promising tools for regenerative endodontics research.
Further investigation into cellular interactions using 3D models will drive therapeutic advancements.