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Related Concept Videos

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs02:39

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs

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In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...
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Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in regulating gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
RNA Performs Diverse...
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Ribosomal RNA Synthesis02:53

Ribosomal RNA Synthesis

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Ribosome synthesis is a highly complex and coordinated process involving more than 200 assembly factors. The synthesis and processing of ribosomal components occurs not only in the nucleolus but also in the nucleoplasm and the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells.
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Nuclear receptors, or NRs, are unique transcription factors that regulate gene transcription and affect the cellular pathways involved in reproduction, development, or metabolism. Their ability to be stimulated by small lipophilic ligands and control vital cellular processes makes them ideal drug targets. Nearly 10-15% of currently prescribed drugs target these receptors.
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Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps01:23

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The gene expression in cells is regulated at different stages: (i) transcription, (ii) RNA processing, (iii) RNA localization, and (iv) translation. Transcriptional regulation is mediated by regulatory proteins such as transcription factors, activators, or repressors—these control gene expression by initiating or inhibiting the transcription of genes. Once a precursor or pre-mRNA is produced, it undergoes post-transcriptional modification, including 5' capping, splicing, and the...
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RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
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Non-Coding RNAs and Adipogenesis.

Wenxiu Ru1,2, Sihuan Zhang2, Jianyong Liu3

  • 1College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|June 28, 2023
PubMed
Summary

This study explores adipogenesis, the process of fat cell development, and highlights the crucial roles of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) like lncRNA, miRNA, and circRNA in regulating this intricate network for potential obesity treatments.

Keywords:
adipogenesiscircRNAlncRNAmiRNA

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Epigenetics
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Adipogenesis is a complex process involving numerous transcription factors and signaling pathways.
  • Epigenetic mechanisms are increasingly recognized for their role in regulating adipocyte development.
  • Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), including long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), microRNAs (miRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs), are key regulators in biological processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline the fundamental process of adipogenesis.
  • To discuss the updated roles and regulatory mechanisms of ncRNAs in adipocyte development.
  • To explore the potential of ncRNAs as therapeutic targets for obesity and related metabolic diseases.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent studies on adipogenesis and ncRNAs.
  • Analysis of molecular mechanisms by which ncRNAs regulate gene expression.
  • Synthesis of current understanding of ncRNA involvement in adipocyte differentiation.

Main Results:

  • ncRNAs regulate gene expression at multiple levels through interactions with DNA, RNA, and proteins.
  • Specific ncRNAs (lncRNA, miRNA, circRNA) play significant roles in controlling adipogenesis.
  • Dysregulation of ncRNAs is implicated in the development of obesity and associated conditions.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding ncRNA-mediated regulation of adipogenesis offers novel insights into metabolic disease pathogenesis.
  • ncRNAs represent promising targets for developing therapeutic strategies against obesity.
  • Further research into ncRNA functions can advance the field of metabolic disease treatment.