Electroretinographic and Optical Coherence Tomographic Evaluations of Eyes with Vitreoretinal Lymphoma

Vitreoretinal lymphomas (VRLs) present with different clinical characteristics. However, only a few case reports have been published that evaluated the retinal function and the retinal morphology. The relationship between retinal morphology and function of eyes with a vitreoretinal lymphoma (VRL) was investigated via optical coherence tomography (OCT) and electroretinography (ERG). The ERG and OCT findings in 11 eyes of 11 patients (69.4 ± 11.5 years old) who were diagnosed with VRL at the Saitama Medical University Hospital between December 2016 to May 2022 were studied. The decimal best-corrected visual acuity ranged from hand movements to 1.2 (median 0.2). Histopathological studies of the vitreous specimens showed class II VRL in one eye, class III VRL in seven eyes, class IV VRL in two eyes, and class V VRL in one eye. The IgH gene rearrangement was positive in three of the six eyes tested. The OCT images showed morphological abnormalities in 10 of the 11 (90.9%) eyes. Severe attenuation was found for the amplitudes of the b-wave of the DA 0.01 ERG in 6 of 11 eyes (54.5%), the DA 3.0 a-wave in 5 of 11 eyes (45.5%), the DA 3.0 b-wave in 36.4%, the LA 3.0 a-wave in 36.4%, the LA 3.0 b-wave in 18.2%, and flicker responses in 36.4% of the eyes. None of the DA 3.0 ERGs had a negative shape (b/a < 1.0). In the five eyes in which the a-wave was severely attenuated, hyperreflective dots were observed subretinally. The ERG analysis in eyes with a VRL indicates a relatively severe dysfunction of the outer retinal layer and was helpful in determining the site of the morphological changes in eyes with VRL.