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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 25, 2025

Three Different Protocols of Corneal Collagen Crosslinking in Keratoconus: Conventional, Accelerated and Iontophoresis

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Published on: November 12, 2015

Systemic Associations with Keratoconus.

Prasida Unni¹, Hyunjoo Jean Lee^1,2

¹Chobanian and Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, MA 02118, USA.

Life (Basel, Switzerland)

|June 28, 2023

Summary

Keratoconus, a progressive corneal disease, is linked to systemic conditions like atopy and Down syndrome. Diabetes Mellitus may offer protection, but more research is needed on these associations.

Keywords:

associations atopy keratoconus

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Area of Science:

Ophthalmology
Genetics
Immunology

Background:

Keratoconus is a bilateral corneal disease causing progressive steepening, thinning, and vision loss.
The underlying mechanisms of keratoconus development remain largely unknown.
Numerous systemic associations with keratoconus have been reported in medical literature.

Purpose of the Study:

To review and summarize evidence linking keratoconus with specific systemic conditions.
To discuss the implications of these systemic associations for keratoconus patients.

Main Methods:

Comprehensive literature search for associations between keratoconus and systemic diseases.
Analysis of frequently cited conditions including atopy, Down syndrome, connective tissue diseases, and Diabetes Mellitus.

Main Results:

Atopy, Down syndrome, and connective tissue diseases are frequently cited keratoconus associations.
Diabetes Mellitus is increasingly studied as a potential protective factor against keratoconus.
Evidence for and against these specific systemic conditions and keratoconus was evaluated.

Conclusions:

Understanding systemic associations is crucial for managing keratoconus.
Further research is warranted to elucidate the complex relationship between systemic health and keratoconus.
Diabetes Mellitus warrants further investigation as a potential protective factor.