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Quantitative Parameters Relevant for Diabetic Macular Edema Evaluation by Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography
Alina-Simona Lazăr1,2, Horia T Stanca1,2, Bogdana Tăbăcaru2
1Doctoral School, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Strada Dionisie Lupu No. 37, 020021 Bucharest, Romania.
Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania)
|June 28, 2023
Summary
Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) metrics, particularly in the deep vascular plexus, can help assess diabetic macular edema (DME) and diabetic macular ischemia (DMI), aiding in patient management.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Diabetology
- Medical Imaging
Background:
- Diabetic macular edema (DME) is a leading cause of vision loss in diabetes mellitus (DM).
- Some DME cases show poor treatment response, potentially due to diabetic macular ischemia (DMI).
- Accurate assessment of retinal microvasculature is crucial for managing DME.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review studies on Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography (OCTA) metrics in DME.
- To evaluate OCTA's role in diagnosing, managing, and predicting prognosis for DME patients.
- To explore the correlation between OCTA parameters and DME, including diabetic macular ischemia.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review of studies investigating OCTA metrics in DME.
- Analysis of quantitative OCTA parameters like vessel density (VD) and perfusion density (PD).
- Evaluation of foveal avascular zone (FAZ) and retinal vasculature complexity indices.
Main Results:
- OCTA provides detailed 3D retinal vascularization information non-invasively.
- Specific OCTA metrics, especially from the deep vascular plexus (DVP), correlate with DME.
- OCTA parameters show potential for assessing macular perfusion changes in DME.
Conclusions:
- OCTA metrics are valuable tools for assessing patients with DME.
- OCTA can aid in understanding the contribution of diabetic macular ischemia to DME.
- Further research can refine OCTA's role in DME diagnosis and treatment monitoring.
