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An Optimal Shaped Sensor Array Derivation.

Marco Dibiase1, Luca De Marchi2

  • 1Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Bologna, 40136 Bologna, Italy.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study optimizes Direction of Arrival (DoA) estimation for structural health monitoring using shaped sensors. The novel Shaped Sensors Optimal Cluster (SS-OC) design improves acoustic source localization in noisy environments.

Keywords:
Calculus of VariationsDirection of ArrivalDoAGuided WavesLamb WavesShaped Sensors Optimal Clusteroptimal shaped sensorspiezoelectric sensorssensor arraysensors cluster

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Area of Science:

  • Structural Health Monitoring (SHM)
  • Acoustic Source Localization
  • Wave Propagation Analysis

Background:

  • Direction of Arrival (DoA) estimation of Guided Waves (GW) is crucial for locating acoustic sources (AS) in thin-wall structures.
  • Existing methods face challenges with unknown wave velocities and limited time delays in noisy measurements.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design optimal arrangements and shapes of piezo-sensors in planar clusters for enhanced DoA estimation performance.
  • To minimize the variance of DoA estimation in noise-affected measurements.

Main Methods:

  • Derivation of an optimality criterion based on the Theory of Measurements.
  • Application of Calculus of Variations to minimize DoA variance.
  • Development of a re-shaping procedure using Error Diffusion to achieve desired time-delay relations and spatial filtering.

Main Results:

  • Derivation of optimal time delays-DoA relations for a three-sensor cluster within a 90° sector.
  • Introduction of the Shaped Sensors Optimal Cluster (SS-OC) with modulated piezo-load functions.
  • Numerical simulations demonstrating improved DoA estimation performance of SS-OC compared to conventional piezo-disk transducers.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed SS-OC design significantly enhances DoA estimation accuracy in SHM applications.
  • The Error Diffusion technique effectively shapes sensors to achieve optimal performance.
  • This research offers a novel approach for designing sensor arrays for improved structural monitoring.