1-Bit Transmission-Type Digital Programmable Coding Metasurface with Multi-Functional Beam-Shaping Capability for...

Area of Science:

• Electromagnetics
• Metamaterials
• Wave manipulation

Background:

• Digital programmable coding metasurfaces (DPCMs) offer advanced electromagnetic wave control.
• Transmission-type DPCMs (T-DPCMs) in the millimetre-wave spectrum are scarce due to challenges in achieving wide phase control and low loss.
• Existing millimetre-wave T-DPCMs often use costly materials and offer limited functionality.

Purpose of the Study:

• To propose a novel 1-bit T-DPCM for millimetre-wave applications.
• To demonstrate simultaneous multi-functionality within a single structure.
• To address the cost and limited functionality issues of current millimetre-wave T-DPCMs.

Main Methods:

• Design and fabrication of a 1-bit T-DPCM using low-cost FR-4 substrate.
• Integration of PIN-diodes for electronic control of meta-cell operation.
• Experimental validation of dynamic beam-shaping capabilities.

Main Results:

• The proposed T-DPCM successfully performs three distinct dynamic beam-shaping functions: dual-beam scanning, multi-beam shaping, and orbital angular momentum (OAM) mode generation.
• The structure is constructed entirely from low-cost FR-4 materials.
• Achieved multi-functionality in a single millimetre-wave T-DPCM design, filling a gap in the literature.

Conclusions:

• The developed T-DPCM offers a cost-effective and versatile solution for millimetre-wave applications.
• This work advances the field of T-DPCMs by enabling multi-functionality with low-cost materials.
• The proposed design paves the way for practical and affordable millimetre-wave metasurface applications.