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Phase-lead controllers are commonly used in various control systems to enhance response speed and stability. Adjusting the brightness on a television screen offers a practical example of phase-lead control. When contrast is enhanced, a phase-lead controller is employed. Mathematically, phase-lead control is identified when the first parameter is smaller than the second.
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Double resonance techniques in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy involve the simultaneous application of two different frequencies or radiofrequency pulses to manipulate and observe two distinct nuclear spins. One important application of double resonance is spin decoupling, which selectively suppresses coupling with one type of nucleus while observing the NMR signal from another nucleus, simplifying the spectrum and enhancing resolution.
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Updated: Jul 25, 2025

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Saturation-Induced Phase Error Compensation Method Using Complementary Phase.

Yingying Wan1, Yiping Cao2, Min Xu1

  • 1School of Physical Science and Technology, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China.

Micromachines
|June 28, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Intensity saturation causes measurement errors in fringe projection profilometry. A new compensation method uses complementary phase maps to cancel these errors, enabling accurate 3D measurements.

Keywords:
fringe projection profilometryintensity saturationphase error reductionphase-shiftingthree-dimensional measurement

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Area of Science:

  • Optical Metrology
  • 3D Measurement Techniques
  • Computer Vision

Background:

  • Intensity saturation in fringe projection profilometry leads to phase errors and inaccurate measurements.
  • Existing methods struggle to fully compensate for saturation-induced phase distortions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a novel compensation method for reducing phase errors caused by intensity saturation in N-step phase-shifting profilometry.
  • To improve the accuracy of 3D measurements in scenarios with high dynamic range and potential saturation.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of the mathematical model for saturation-induced phase errors in N-step phase-shifting.
  • Projection of additional N-step phase-shifting fringe patterns with an initial phase-shift of pi/N to generate a complementary phase map.
  • Averaging the original and complementary phase maps to cancel out phase errors.

Main Results:

  • The proposed method effectively reduces phase errors caused by intensity saturation.
  • Simulations and experiments confirm the substantial reduction in phase error.
  • Accurate 3D measurements were achieved across a wide range of scenarios.

Conclusions:

  • The developed compensation method successfully mitigates saturation-induced phase errors in fringe projection profilometry.
  • This technique enhances measurement accuracy, particularly in challenging lighting conditions.
  • The method offers a robust solution for precise 3D surface reconstruction.