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Related Concept Videos

Catalysis02:50

Catalysis

27.1K
The presence of a catalyst affects the rate of a chemical reaction. A catalyst is a substance that can increase the reaction rate without being consumed during the process. A basic comprehension of a catalysts’ role during chemical reactions can be understood from the concept of reaction mechanisms and energy diagrams.
27.1K
Reduction of Alkenes: Asymmetric Catalytic Hydrogenation02:17

Reduction of Alkenes: Asymmetric Catalytic Hydrogenation

3.4K
Catalytic hydrogenation of alkenes is a transition-metal catalyzed reduction of the double bond using molecular hydrogen to give alkanes. The mode of hydrogen addition follows syn stereochemistry.
The metal catalyst used can be either heterogeneous or homogeneous. When hydrogenation of an alkene generates a chiral center, a pair of enantiomeric products is expected to form. However, an enantiomeric excess of one of the products can be facilitated using an enantioselective reaction or an...
3.4K
Reduction of Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation02:13

Reduction of Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation

12.2K
Alkenes undergo reduction by the addition of molecular hydrogen to give alkanes. Because the process generally occurs in the presence of a transition-metal catalyst, the reaction is called catalytic hydrogenation.
Metals like palladium, platinum, and nickel are commonly used in their solid forms — fine powder on an inert surface. As these catalysts remain insoluble in the reaction mixture, they are referred to as heterogeneous catalysts.
The hydrogenation process takes place on the...
12.2K
Regioselectivity and Stereochemistry of Acid-Catalyzed Hydration02:34

Regioselectivity and Stereochemistry of Acid-Catalyzed Hydration

8.5K
The rate of acid-catalyzed hydration of alkenes depends on the alkene's structure, as the presence of alkyl substituents at the double bond can significantly influence the rate.
8.5K
Introduction to Mechanisms of Enzyme Catalysis01:13

Introduction to Mechanisms of Enzyme Catalysis

8.3K
For many years, scientists thought that enzyme-substrate binding took place in a simple "lock-and-key" fashion. This model stated that the enzyme and substrate fit together perfectly in one instantaneous step. However, current research supports a more refined view scientists call induced fit. The induced-fit model expands upon the lock-and-key model by describing a more dynamic interaction between enzyme and substrate. As the enzyme and substrate come together, their interaction causes...
8.3K
Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Acyclic Diene Metathesis (ADMET)00:53

Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Acyclic Diene Metathesis (ADMET)

2.0K
Acyclic diene metathesis polymerization or ADMET polymerization involves cross-metathesis of terminal dienes, such as 1,8-nonadiene, to give linear unsaturated polymer and ethylene. As ADMET is a reversible process, the formed ethylene gas must be removed from the reaction mixture to complete the polymerization process.
Similar to cross-metathesis, ADMET also involves the formation of metallacyclobutane intermediate by [2+2] cycloaddition of one of the double bonds of a terminal diene with...
2.0K

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Updated: Jul 25, 2025

Imine Metathesis by Silica-Supported Catalysts Using the Methodology of Surface Organometallic Chemistry
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Imine Metathesis by Silica-Supported Catalysts Using the Methodology of Surface Organometallic Chemistry

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Is Micellar Catalysis Green Chemistry?

Fabrizio Fabris1, Markus Illner2, Jens-Uwe Repke2

  • 1Dipartimento di Scienze Molecolari e Nanosistemi, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, Via Torino 155, Mestre, 30172 Venezia, Italy.

Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)
|June 28, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Micellar catalysis offers a greener alternative for organic synthesis, aligning with green chemistry principles. Surfactant innovation further enhances its environmental benefits and safety.

Keywords:
green chemistrymicellar catalysissurfactantsustainabilitywater

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Heterogeneous Removal of Water-Soluble Ruthenium Olefin Metathesis Catalyst from Aqueous Media Via Host-Guest Interaction
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Area of Science:

  • Green Chemistry
  • Organic Synthesis
  • Catalysis

Background:

  • The twelve principles of green chemistry guide environmentally conscious chemical process development.
  • Micellar catalysis has emerged as a novel research area in organic synthesis.
  • Evaluating micellar catalysis against green chemistry principles is crucial for sustainable practices.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the alignment of micellar catalysis with the twelve principles of green chemistry.
  • To explore the role of surfactants in making micellar catalysis an environmentally friendly process.
  • To identify opportunities for further enhancing micellar catalysis to meet all green chemistry standards.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on micellar catalysis and green chemistry.
  • Application of the twelve principles of green chemistry to micellar reaction media.
  • Analysis of surfactant properties and their impact on reaction sustainability.

Main Results:

  • Many organic reactions can be successfully transferred from organic solvents to micellar media.
  • Surfactants act as crucial solubilizers, enabling greener reaction conditions.
  • The use of micellar media significantly reduces environmental impact and risks associated with reactions.

Conclusions:

  • Micellar catalysis demonstrates strong potential for achieving green chemistry objectives in organic synthesis.
  • Ongoing advancements in surfactant design, synthesis, and degradation are key to fully realizing the benefits of micellar catalysis.
  • Further research into surfactant innovation will ensure micellar catalysis meets all twelve principles of green chemistry.