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Author Spotlight: An Antimicrobial Fabric Using Nano-Herbal Encapsulation of Essential Oils
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Transient Coatings from Nanoparticles Achieving Broad-Spectrum and High Antimicrobial Performance.

Rachel Zaia1, Giovanna M Quinto1, Livia C S Camargo1

  • 1Biocolloids Laboratory, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Professor Lineu Prestes, 748, Butantan, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil.

Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)
|June 28, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

New cationic coatings with nanoparticles (NPs) show broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity against bacteria and fungi. These transient coatings offer potential for biomedical materials.

Keywords:
antimicrobial peptidegramicidin nanoparticleshydrophilic coatings from nanoparticles adhered to glasslayered nanoparticleslipid bilayer fragments or diskspathogenic bacteria and funguspolyelectrolytes

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Biotechnology
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Developing effective antimicrobial coatings is crucial for preventing infections in biomedical applications.
  • Nanoparticle-based coatings offer novel strategies for antimicrobial surface modification.
  • Transient antimicrobial activity is desirable for certain biomedical materials to prevent long-term colonization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe and evaluate the antimicrobial activity of cationic and hydrophilic nanoparticle coatings on glass.
  • To investigate the efficacy of poly(diallyl dimethyl ammonium) chloride (PDDA) and gramicidin D (Gr) nanoparticles against common pathogens.
  • To understand the mechanism of action and dose-response relationship of the developed coatings.

Main Methods:

  • Cationic bilayer fragments (BF) with PDDA and Gr nanoparticles were cast and dried onto glass coverslips.
  • Antimicrobial activity was quantitatively assessed against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida albicans using colony forming unit (CFU) counting.
  • The interaction mechanism involving electrostatic attachment and cell membrane disruption was investigated.

Main Results:

  • Coatings containing PDDA and Gr nanoparticles demonstrated significant broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity, reducing bacterial and fungal viability to zero CFU.
  • Optimal activity was achieved at low doses of PDDA (5 μg) and Gr (0.94 μg) or higher doses (25 μg PDDA, 4.6 μg Gr).
  • The antimicrobial effect was transient, as coatings were washed out after drying, rendering the surface non-antimicrobial.

Conclusions:

  • PDDA and Gr nanoparticle combinations create effective, broad-spectrum antimicrobial coatings.
  • The synergistic action of PDDA and Gr enhances antimicrobial efficacy by disrupting microbial cell walls and membranes.
  • These transient antimicrobial coatings hold promise for applications in biomedical materials where temporary antimicrobial properties are needed.