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Several factors can increase the risk of cancer in an individual. About 50% of cancer cases can be prevented by adopting a healthy lifestyle, regular exercise, eating healthy, and following a modest cancer prevention diet. Epidemiological studies have consistently shown that populations with vegetable and fruit-rich diets have reduced the incidence of cancer. On the other hand, populations who have a diet rich in animal fat, red meat, junk food, or high calories are predisposed to cancer.
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The orderly progression of the cell cycle depends on the activation of Cdk protein by binding to its cyclin partner. However, the cell cycle must be restricted when undergoing abnormal changes. Most cancers correlate to the deregulated cell cycle, and since Cdks are a central component of the cell cycle, Cdk inhibitors are extensively studied to develop anticancer agents. For instance, cyclin D associates with several Cdks, such as Cdk 4/6, to form an active complex. The cyclin D-Cdk4/6 complex...
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Microtubules are dynamic structures that undergo cycles of catastrophe and rescue. The microtubules play a central role in cell division by forming the spindle apparatus for segregating the chromosomes. This makes them ideal targets for regulating dividing cells in tumors and malignant cancer cells. Microtubule stabilizing drugs help stabilize the microtubule formation and promote its polymerization. Paclitaxel was the first microtubule stabilizing agent used as anticancer drug in chemotherapy...
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The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
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Combining two or more treatment methods increases the life span of cancer patients while reducing damage to vital organs or tissue from the overuse of a single treatment. Combination therapy also targets different cancer-inducing pathways, thus reducing the chances of developing resistance to treatment.
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Microtubules are dynamic structures and can be regulated by microtubule targeting agents (MTAs). Microtubule destabilizing drugs are a class of MTAs that destabilize and prevent microtubules' polymerization. Both natural and synthetic chemicals can be found under this class of drugs. Vincristine and vinblastine, two vinca alkaloids, and colchicine were among the first to be discovered. These drugs can affect cells in various ways, either by inducing a change in cell morphology, preventing...
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Curcuminoids as Anticancer Drugs: Pleiotropic Effects, Potential for Metabolic Reprogramming and Prospects for the

Daniel L Pouliquen1, Koraljka Gall Trošelj2, Ruby John Anto3

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Curcuminoids show diverse anti-cancer effects by inhibiting tumor pathways and reversing drug resistance. Ongoing research explores their role in metabolic reprogramming and future therapeutic potential.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Pharmacology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Curcuminoids, including curcumin and synthetic analogs, have seen a surge in cancer research over 20 years.
  • These compounds exhibit diverse inhibitory effects on pathways crucial for carcinogenesis and tumor progression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To chronologically review discoveries and update in vivo effects of curcuminoids in cancer.
  • To explore curcuminoids' role in modulating metabolic reprogramming in cancer.
  • To examine curcuminoids as chemosensitizers to overcome multidrug resistance.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of experimental and clinical studies on curcuminoids in cancer research.
  • Analysis of data on curcuminoids' effects on carcinogenesis, tumor progression, and metabolic pathways.
  • Investigation of curcuminoids' efficacy in reversing multidrug resistance in combination therapies.

Main Results:

  • Curcuminoids demonstrate a broad spectrum of inhibitory actions against multiple cancer-related pathways.
  • Emerging evidence highlights their capacity to modulate cancer cell metabolic reprogramming.
  • Curcuminoids show promise in resensitizing cancer cells to conventional chemotherapy, overcoming multidrug resistance.

Conclusions:

  • Curcuminoids represent a significant area of cancer research with established and emerging therapeutic applications.
  • Further investigation into their pleiotropic effects, particularly metabolic modulation and chemosensitization, is warranted.
  • Future research should focus on translating these findings into effective clinical strategies for cancer treatment.