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Related Concept Videos

Herpes01:28

Herpes

Herpes simplex type 1 (HSV‑1) is a widespread pathogen responsible for orolabial lesions. It is an enveloped, double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) virus belonging to the family Herpesviridae. Once the virus infects a host cell, its double‑stranded DNA genome is delivered into the nucleus, where a coordinated cascade of immediate‑early, early, and late gene expression directs viral DNA replication, structural protein synthesis, and virion assembly. After primary infection of epithelial cells, HSV-1...
Genital Herpes01:23

Genital Herpes

Genital herpes is a sexually transmitted infection primarily caused by herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2), though herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) is increasingly implicated in genital infections, particularly among younger populations. Transmission occurs mainly through sexual contact, with asymptomatic viral shedding serving as a major route of spread. This characteristic makes HSV-2 difficult to control at a population level, as individuals may unknowingly transmit the virus even in the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 24, 2026

Ex Vivo Organotypic Corneal Model of Acute Epithelial Herpes Simplex Virus Type I Infection
07:55

Ex Vivo Organotypic Corneal Model of Acute Epithelial Herpes Simplex Virus Type I Infection

Published on: November 3, 2012

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Phosphorylcholine and KR12-Containing Corneal Implants in HSV-1-Infected Rabbit Corneas.

Kamal Malhotra1,2, Oleksiy Buznyk3,4, Mohammad Mirazul Islam3

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada.

Pharmaceutics
|June 28, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Biosynthetic implants with KR12 show potential for treating HSV-1 eye infections. These implants promote corneal healing and nerve regeneration, offering hope for vision restoration in affected individuals.

Keywords:
HSV-1 infectionKR12RHCIII-MPCcorneal implantnanoparticlesrabbitsregeneration

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Recurrent Herpetic Stromal Keratitis in Mice, a Model for Studying Human HSK
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Porcine Corneal Tissue Explant to Study the Efficacy of Herpes Simplex Virus-1 Antivirals
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Last Updated: Jun 24, 2026

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Porcine Corneal Tissue Explant to Study the Efficacy of Herpes Simplex Virus-1 Antivirals
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Porcine Corneal Tissue Explant to Study the Efficacy of Herpes Simplex Virus-1 Antivirals

Published on: September 20, 2021

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Biomaterials Science
  • Virology

Background:

  • Herpes Simplex Virus type 1 (HSV-1) infections can lead to severe corneal damage and blindness.
  • Corneal transplantation is often contraindicated in HSV-1 infected individuals due to high graft failure rates.
  • Novel biomaterials are needed to suppress inflammation and promote corneal regeneration.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate cell-free biosynthetic implants (RHCIII-MPC) incorporating KR12-releasing nanoparticles for treating HSV-1 infected corneas.
  • To assess the anti-inflammatory and regenerative capacity of the composite implants in vitro and in vivo.
  • To determine the efficacy of KR12 in blocking viral reactivation and promoting wound healing.

Main Methods:

  • Developed RHCIII-MPC implants with silica dioxide nanoparticles loaded with KR12.
  • Assessed KR12's cytotoxicity and antiviral activity against HSV-1 in vitro.
  • Evaluated implant performance in HSV-1 infected rabbit corneas via anterior lamellar keratoplasty.
  • Monitored viral loads, inflammation, neovascularization, and tissue regeneration over 6 months.

Main Results:

  • KR12 demonstrated cell-friendly properties and blocked HSV-1 activity in vitro, promoting epithelial cell wound closure.
  • Composite implants released KR12 for up to 3 weeks in vitro.
  • In vivo, implants did not reduce viral loads or inflammation but did reduce viral spread.
  • Stable regeneration of corneal epithelium, stroma, and nerves was observed over 6 months.

Conclusions:

  • Biosynthetic implants incorporating KR12 show promise for managing HSV-1 corneal infections.
  • The implants facilitate corneal tissue regeneration and nerve repair despite persistent inflammation.
  • Further research may optimize these implants for improved anti-inflammatory effects and vision restoration.