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Injectable Hyaluronan-Based Thermoresponsive Hydrogels for Dermatological Applications.

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This study introduces a novel thermosensitive hyaluronic acid (HA) dermal filler, conjugated with poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (pNIPAM). This innovative filler offers improved injectability and longevity, balancing mechanical properties for enhanced clinical application.

Keywords:
dermal fillersex vivo skin modelhyaluronic acidpoly(N-isopropylacrylamide)thermoresponsive

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Dermatology

Background:

  • Marketed hyaluronic acid (HA)-based dermal fillers often require chemical cross-linking, leading to increased stiffness and injection force.
  • Balancing filler longevity with ease of injection remains a clinical challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a thermosensitive dermal filler combining HA and poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (pNIPAM) for improved injectability and longevity.
  • To evaluate the mechanical properties, injectability, degradation resistance, biocompatibility, and in vivo residence time of the novel filler.

Main Methods:

  • Conjugation of HA with pNIPAM using a linker and "green chemistry" principles with water as the solvent.
  • Characterization of hydrogel viscosity at room temperature and gelation at body temperature.
  • Assessment of enzymatic and oxidative degradation resistance, injection force, fibroblast viability, and residence time.

Main Results:

  • HA-L-pNIPAM hydrogels exhibited low viscosity at room temperature and formed a stiffer gel at body temperature.
  • The novel filler demonstrated superior degradation resistance and significantly lower injection force compared to a commercial filler (49 N vs >100 N).
  • Formulations were biocompatible, with fibroblast viability >100% and ~85% for the hydrogel and its degradation product, respectively, and showed extended residence time up to 72 hours.

Conclusions:

  • The developed thermosensitive HA-L-pNIPAM hydrogel offers a promising alternative to conventional dermal fillers by balancing injectability and longevity.
  • Its properties suggest potential applications in sustained drug delivery systems for dermatologic and systemic disorders.