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Related Concept Videos

Steps in Outbreak Investigation01:18

Steps in Outbreak Investigation

155
In the ever-evolving field of public health, statistical analysis serves as a cornerstone for understanding and managing disease outbreaks. By leveraging various statistical tools, health professionals can predict potential outbreaks, analyze ongoing situations, and devise effective responses to mitigate impact. For that to happen, there are a few possible stages of the analysis:
155
Principles of Disease Surveillance01:26

Principles of Disease Surveillance

131
Disease surveillance is the systematic collection, analysis, and interpretation of health data essential to the planning, implementation, and evaluation of public health practice. This process integrates data dissemination to entities responsible for preventing and controlling disease, injury, and disability. Surveillance systems provide crucial information for action, helping public health authorities make informed decisions to manage and prevent outbreaks, ensure public safety, optimize...
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Vaccinia Reporter Viruses for Quantifying Viral Function at All Stages of Gene Expression
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The Global Monkeypox (Mpox) Outbreak: A Comprehensive Review.

Shriyansh Srivastava1,2, Sachin Kumar1, Shagun Jain1

  • 1Department of Pharmacology, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University (DPSRU), Sector 3 Pushp Vihar, New Delhi 110017, India.

Vaccines
|June 28, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Monkeypox (Mpox) is a global concern, with existing smallpox vaccines offering protection. However, their efficacy in the current outbreak is uncertain, necessitating the development of new, safer vaccines.

Keywords:
genetic clademonkeypox virusorthopoxviruspathophysiologyvaccines

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Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Epidemiology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Monkeypox (Mpox) is a viral disease endemic to West and Central Africa, with a global surge declared a public health emergency in July 2022.
  • The 2022 outbreak disproportionately affected men who have sex with men, with an incubation period of 7-10 days.
  • Despite medical advancements, Mpox continues to cause significant health and economic burdens worldwide.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current landscape of monkeypox vaccines and treatments.
  • To assess the efficacy and safety of existing vaccines against the monkeypox virus.
  • To highlight the need for next-generation vaccines.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on monkeypox epidemiology, transmission, and clinical manifestations.
  • Analysis of currently available vaccines, including those originally developed for smallpox and specific biodefense applications.
  • Examination of reported adverse events and immune response timelines for different vaccines.

Main Results:

  • Three vaccines are currently in use: two derived from smallpox vaccines and one for biodefense.
  • Vaccine efficacy in the current Mpox outbreak remains uncertain, with reported adverse events.
  • Optimal immunity development requires specific timelines post-vaccination, varying by vaccine type.

Conclusions:

  • Existing smallpox-derived vaccines can offer protection against monkeypox.
  • There is a critical need for novel, safer, and more specific monkeypox vaccines.
  • Further research into epitope-focused immunogens may enhance vaccine effectiveness.