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National Trends of Pediatric Aspirated/Ingested Foreign Bodies

Monica Saw-Aung1, Ryan M Kong1, Natalie Cipriano1

  • 1Department of Otolaryngology, School of Medicine, SUNY Downstate, Brooklyn, NY, USA.

Clinical Pediatrics
|June 28, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Foreign body (FB) aspiration and ingestion in children decreased, but racial disparities in outcomes for aspirated FBs, particularly for Black children, persist. Further research into these trends is crucial for prevention and improved care.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Emergency Medicine
  • Public Health Surveillance
  • Injury Prevention

Background:

  • Foreign body (FB) aspiration and ingestion are significant causes of pediatric hospital admissions and mortality.
  • Understanding risk factors and trends in FB products is vital for targeted health education and policy.
  • Existing data on trends and disparities in pediatric FB incidents requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze trends in pediatric foreign body aspiration and ingestion from 2010 to 2020.
  • To identify risk factors associated with hospital admission and mortality for pediatric FB cases.
  • To examine racial disparities in outcomes for pediatric foreign body aspiration.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study utilizing the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS) database.
  • Inclusion criteria: emergency department patients under 18 years old diagnosed with aspirated or ingested FB (2010-2020).
  • Statistical analysis included incidence rate calculation and multivariate analyses to determine risk factors for admission and mortality.

Main Results:

  • A significant decrease in pediatric FB aspiration rates (-23.6%, P=.013) was observed, while ingested FB rates showed a non-significant decrease (-9.4%, P=.066).
  • Black children with aspirated FBs had lower odds of same-hospital admission (OR=0.8) but significantly higher odds of transfer admission (OR=1.6) and mortality (OR=9.2) compared to white children (P<.001).

Conclusions:

  • While pediatric FB aspiration rates are declining, significant racial disparities in outcomes persist, particularly concerning mortality for Black children.
  • These findings underscore the need for targeted interventions and health policies to address disparities in pediatric foreign body injuries.
  • Continued surveillance and research are essential to mitigate the risks and improve care for children experiencing FB aspiration or ingestion.

Keywords:
airway foreign bodyairway obstructionaspirationingestionpediatric choking hazards

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