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Spatial behavior of hepatitis A, MMR, and varicella vaccination coverage in the state of Minas Gerais, 2020

Gabriela Cunha Corrêa Freitas de Oliveira1, Luiz Henrique Arroyo2, Aline Mendes Vimieiro3

  • 1Universidade Federal de São João del-Rei - Divinópolis (MG), Brazil.

Revista Brasileira De Epidemiologia = Brazilian Journal of Epidemiology
|June 28, 2023
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Vaccination coverage for Hepatitis A, MMR, and varicella in Minas Gerais children is low and varies spatially. Socioeconomic factors like human development index influence these vaccination patterns.

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology
  • Spatial Analysis

Background:

  • Childhood vaccination is crucial for disease prevention.
  • Understanding spatial disparities in vaccine uptake is essential for targeted interventions.
  • Socioeconomic factors significantly impact public health outcomes, including immunization rates.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the spatial distribution of childhood vaccination coverage for Hepatitis A, Measles, Mumps, and Rubella (MMR), and Varicella in Minas Gerais.
  • To investigate the relationship between vaccination coverage and socioeconomic determinants across municipalities in Minas Gerais.

Main Methods:

  • Ecological study using 2020 immunization data from 853 municipalities in Minas Gerais.
  • Spatial scan statistics and Bivariate Moran Index were employed to identify clusters and assess spatial correlations.
  • Analysis involved vaccination coverage data and socioeconomic factors, utilizing ArcGIS and SPSS software.

Main Results:

  • Low vaccination coverage was observed for Hepatitis A (89.0%), MMR (75.7%), and Varicella (89.0%).
  • Significant spatial clusters of vaccination coverage were identified, with higher rates in Central, Midwest, South Central, and Northwest regions, and lower rates in North, Northeast, and Triângulo do Sul regions.
  • Municipal Human Development Index, urbanization rate, and GDP showed spatial dependence on vaccination coverage.

Conclusions:

  • Childhood vaccination coverage for Hepatitis A, MMR, and Varicella exhibits heterogeneous spatial patterns linked to socioeconomic factors in Minas Gerais.
  • Continuous monitoring and improvement of vaccination records are vital for effective public health services and research.

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