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Lysis profile and preference of Myxococcus sp. PT13 for typical soil bacteria
Yi Yang1, Hong Tao1, Wenwen Ma1
1School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China.
Introduction:
Myxococcus sp. PT13 is a wild strain with multiple predatory properties that prey on multiple model microorganisms preserved in the laboratory. However, the lysis spectrum of PT13 on typical soil bacteria and its driving effect on soil microecosystems are still unclear.
Methods:
In this study, the lawn predation method was used to determine the predation diameter of 62 typical soil bacteria by myxobacteria PT13 and analyze their lysis spectra.
Results And Discussion:
The results showed that PT13 had a predation diameter greater than 15 mm against typical soil microorganisms such as Aeromonas, Bacillus, Brevibacterium, Fictibacillus, Glutamicibacter, Herbaspirillum, and Leifsonia and had an outstanding lysis effect but a significant preference (p < 0.05). Absolute high-throughput sequencing results showed that PT13 predation drove the microcosmic system composed of 16 bacterial genera, with a significant decrease in the Shannon index by 11.8% (CK = 2.04, D = 1.80) and a significant increase in the Simpson index by 45.0% (CK = 0.20, D = 0.29). The results of principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) showed that myxobacterial addition significantly disturbed the microcosmic microbial community structure (ANOSIM, p < 0.05). LEfSe analysis showed that the relative and absolute abundances (copy numbers) of Bacillus, Pedobacter, Staphylococcus, Streptomyces and Fictibacillus decreased significantly very likely due to myxobacterial predation (p < 0.05). However, the predatory effect of PT13 also increased the relative or absolute abundances of some species, such as Sphingobacterium, Paenarthrobacter, Microbacterium, and Leifsonia. It can be concluded that PT13 has a broad-spectrum lysis spectrum but poor cleavage ability for Streptomyces, and the interaction between complex microorganisms limits the predation effect of PT13 on some prey bacteria. This in turn allows some prey to coexist with myxobacteria. This paper will lay a theoretical foundation for the regulation of soil microecology dominated by myxobacteria.
Insights
Myxococcus sp. PT13 exhibits broad-spectrum predation on soil bacteria, significantly altering microbial community structure and diversity. This study provides foundational insights for myxobacteria-driven soil microecosystem regulation.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Soil Ecology
- Bacteriology
Background:
- Myxococcus sp. PT13 is a known predatory bacterium with potential applications in microbial control.
- The lysis spectrum and ecological impact of PT13 on diverse soil bacteria remain largely uncharacterized.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the lysis spectrum of Myxococcus sp. PT13 against 62 common soil bacteria.
- To analyze the impact of PT13 predation on soil microecosystem structure and diversity.
Main Methods:
- Lawn predation method used to assess predation diameter and lysis spectra.
- High-throughput sequencing and principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) to evaluate microbial community changes.
- Linear models for differential expression (LEfSe) analysis to identify specific bacterial abundance shifts.
Main Results:
- PT13 demonstrated a broad lysis spectrum, with significant predation diameters (>15 mm) against genera including Aeromonas, Bacillus, and Leifsonia.
- Myxobacterial predation significantly reduced microbial diversity (Shannon index decreased by 11.8%) and increased dominance (Simpson index by 45.0%).
- Community structure was significantly disturbed (ANOSIM, p < 0.05), with decreased abundance of Bacillus and Fictibacillus, and increased abundance of Sphingobacterium and Leifsonia.
Conclusions:
- Myxococcus sp. PT13 possesses a broad-spectrum lysis capability but shows limited efficacy against Streptomyces.
- Microbial community interactions modulate PT13's predatory effectiveness, allowing some prey coexistence.
- This research establishes a theoretical basis for utilizing myxobacteria in regulating soil microecosystems.
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