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Surface Tension and Surface Energy01:16

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When a paint brush is immersed in water, the bristles wave freely inside the water. When it is taken out, the bristles stick together. The reason behind this effect is surface tension.
Consider a beaker filled with liquid. The bulk molecules in the liquid experience equal attractive forces on all sides with the surrounding molecules. However, the surface molecules experience a net attractive force downward due to the bulk molecules. The surface of the liquid behaves like a stretched membrane,...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 25, 2025

Determining the Ice-binding Planes of Antifreeze Proteins by Fluorescence-based Ice Plane Affinity
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Characterizing Surface Ice-Philicity Using Molecular Simulations and Enhanced Sampling.

Sean M Marks1, Zachariah Vicars1, Aniket U Thosar1

  • 1Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States.

The Journal of Physical Chemistry. B
|June 28, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Understanding how surfaces attract ice (ice-philicity) is key for applications like cryopreservation. This study reveals that polar surfaces matching the ice lattice strongly attract ice, while non-matching surfaces show little ice-philicity.

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Area of Science:

  • Physical Chemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Surface Science

Background:

  • Ice formation is crucial in many scientific fields, including atmospheric science and cryopreservation.
  • Solid surfaces significantly influence ice formation kinetics by altering nucleation barriers.
  • The molecular properties dictating surface ice-philicity remain incompletely understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a computationally efficient method for quantifying surface ice-philicity.
  • To investigate the roles of lattice matching and surface polarity in ice-philicity.
  • To provide a framework for predicting and designing ice-philic surfaces.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized molecular simulations combined with enhanced sampling techniques.
  • Quantified the free energy change associated with increasing surface-ice contact versus surface-water contact.
  • Characterized model surfaces with varying polarity and lattice complementarity to ice.

Main Results:

  • Polar surfaces with lattice matching to ice exhibited high ice-philicity.
  • Nonpolar surfaces with lattice matching showed moderate ice-phobicity.
  • For surfaces lacking lattice complementarity, ice-philicity was independent of polarity, with both types being moderately ice-phobic.

Conclusions:

  • Surface-ice lattice matching is a dominant factor in determining ice-philicity.
  • Surface polarity significantly enhances ice-philicity only when lattice matching is present.
  • The developed method offers a quantitative approach to characterize and understand surface ice interactions.