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Bioreactor Controls-III

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Strain improvement is a foundational strategy in industrial microbiology aimed at maximizing microbial productivity, particularly because natural isolates typically yield commercially valuable products in very low concentrations. Although optimizing the culture medium and environmental conditions can improve yields, these adjustments are inherently limited by the organism’s genetic potential. As a result, the focus shifts toward genetic modifications to enhance biosynthetic capacity. The...
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Scale-Up Processes01:14

Scale-Up Processes

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The scale-up of microbial fermentation processes is essential in industrial biotechnology, allowing the transition from laboratory-scale experiments to commercial-scale production while aiming to maintain product yield and quality. This process requires meticulous adjustment of equipment design, process parameters, and contamination control strategies to accommodate increasing culture volumes.At the laboratory scale, cultures are typically maintained in 1 to 10-liter glass or autoclavable...
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Upstream Processing01:27

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Upstream processing represents a critical phase in biomanufacturing, wherein biological systems such as microorganisms, mammalian cells, or insect cells are cultivated to produce therapeutic proteins, vaccines, enzymes, or other biologically derived products. This phase encompasses all steps from the selection and genetic manipulation of the production organism to the cultivation of cells in bioreactors under tightly controlled environmental conditions.Host Selection and Genetic OptimizationThe...
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Bioplastics01:27

Bioplastics

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Bioplastics derived from microbial processes present a sustainable alternative to conventional petroleum-based plastics. Among these, polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs), particularly polyhydroxybutyrates (PHBs), have emerged as prominent candidates due to their biodegradability and biocompatibility. These polymers are synthesized by a variety of bacteria, such as Cupriavidus necator and Pseudomonas putida, which naturally accumulate PHAs as intracellular carbon and energy reserves, especially under...
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Biofuels01:25

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The microbial conversion of organic matter into biofuels holds potential as a renewable energy source. Among biofuel sources, microalgae are recognized as a highly efficient and adaptable feedstock for biodiesel production, owing to their rapid biomass accumulation, elevated lipid productivity, and capacity to proliferate in diverse aquatic systems, including freshwater, marine, and wastewater habitats. Unlike terrestrial crops, microalgae do not compete for land and can achieve significantly...
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Microbial Bioremediation of Plastics

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Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is a synthetic polymer widely utilized in the packaging industry, particularly for bottles and containers. Due to its chemical stability and durability, PET accumulates in the environment, contributing significantly to plastic pollution. It comprises repeating units of terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol, resulting in a semi-crystalline structure that is resistant to natural degradation processes.A notable breakthrough in plastic biodegradation came with the...
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Related Experiment Video

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High-throughput Saccharification Assay for Lignocellulosic Materials
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Lignocellulosic biorefineries: A multiscale approach for resource exploitation.

Mariano Martín1, Manuel Taifouris1, Guillermo Galán1

  • 1Departamento de Ingeniería Química. Universidad de Salamanca. Pza. Caídos 1-5, 37008 Salamanca, Spain.

Bioresource Technology
|June 28, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Biomass offers a sustainable chemical source, but its variable availability necessitates an integrated systems approach for novel biorefinery design. This requires multidisciplinary expertise for efficient process and product development.

Keywords:
Circular economyLignocellulosic biomassMathematical optimizationMultiscaleProcess designSupply chain

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Area of Science:

  • Biomass utilization and biorefinery design
  • Sustainable chemical production systems
  • Multidisciplinary engineering approaches

Background:

  • Biomass presents challenges in availability and transportation for sustainable chemical production.
  • Existing multiscale approaches for biorefineries are limited by extensive experimental and modeling requirements.
  • A systems perspective is crucial for analyzing biomass variability and its impact on process design.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a systems perspective for designing novel biorefinery production systems.
  • To address the challenges of biomass variability and availability in process design.
  • To highlight the link between biomass features, process design, and product portfolios.

Main Methods:

  • Analyzing raw material availability and composition across regions using a systems framework.
  • Evaluating the relationship between biomass characteristics and biorefinery process design.
  • Integrating knowledge from biology, biotechnology, engineering, mathematics, computer science, and social sciences.

Main Results:

  • A systems perspective enables systematic analysis of biomass resources for biorefinery design.
  • Understanding biomass features is critical for optimizing process design and product selection.
  • The approach facilitates the development of sustainable chemical production systems.

Conclusions:

  • An integrated, systems-based approach is essential for overcoming biomass challenges in biorefineries.
  • Multidisciplinary collaboration is required to develop sustainable process and chemical industries.
  • Future process engineers need a broad skill set encompassing technical and social sciences.