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Chronic Urticaria and Angioedema: Masqueraders and Misdiagnoses
Jonathan A Bernstein1, Navid Ziaie1, Roberta Criado2
1Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Allergy and Immunology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio.
Summary
Chronic urticaria involves itchy wheals lasting over 6 weeks, with spontaneous or inducible triggers. Differentiating it from mimics is crucial for proper diagnosis and treatment.
Area of Science:
- Dermatology
- Immunology
Background:
- Chronic urticaria presents as pruritic wheals, persisting for at least 6 weeks.
- It includes spontaneous and inducible forms with various triggers like heat, cold, or pressure.
- Angioedema, involving deep tissue swelling, can occur with or without chronic urticaria.
Purpose of the Study:
- To discuss the characteristics of chronic urticaria and angioedema.
- To outline an approach for investigating and diagnosing conditions that mimic chronic urticaria and angioedema.
Main Methods:
- Literature review on chronic urticaria and angioedema.
- Analysis of diagnostic criteria and differential diagnoses.
Main Results:
- Chronic urticaria has spontaneous and inducible variants.
- Angioedema can be histamine- or bradykinin-mediated.
- Accurate diagnosis is essential to avoid implications in investigation, treatment, and prognosis.
Conclusions:
- Understanding the distinct features of chronic urticaria and angioedema is key.
- A systematic approach to differential diagnosis is necessary for effective patient management.
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