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Nonpharmacological Behavior Guidance For Children During Dental Treatment Visits: A Systematic Review and
Vineet Dhar1, Jayakumar Jayaraman2, Abdullah A Marghalani3
1Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, Md, USA.
Pediatric Dentistry
|June 29, 2023
Summary
Nonpharmacological behavior guidance techniques effectively reduce anxiety and improve cooperation in children during dental visits. Several methods, including modeling and cognitive behavioral therapy, show significant positive effects.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Dentistry
- Behavioral Science
- Evidence-Based Practice
Background:
- Dental anxiety and fear are significant barriers to effective treatment in children.
- Nonpharmacological behavior guidance interventions are crucial for managing pediatric dental patient behavior.
Approach:
- Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials (RCTs) published from 1946 to February 2022.
- Evaluated basic and advanced nonpharmacological techniques during various dental procedures.
- Assessed outcomes including anxiety, fear, pain reduction, and cooperative behavior, with risk of bias and quality of evidence grading.
Key Points:
- Forty RCTs analyzed, evaluating techniques like tell-show-do, positive reinforcement, and cognitive behavior therapy.
- Evidence certainty ranged from very low to high, with effect magnitudes varying from trivial to large.
- Several basic techniques demonstrated small improvements, while advanced methods showed significant positive outcomes.
Conclusions:
- Modeling, positive reinforcement, biofeedback relaxation, and cognitive behavior therapy showed large effects in reducing dental anxiety.
- Nonpharmacological interventions are effective in improving children's behavior and reducing distress during dental treatment.
- Further research may refine the application and effectiveness of these techniques.
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