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Pseudo-arbitrary sideband generation by phase modulation calculated with iterative phase retrieval.

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    This study introduces a simple method using a single electro-optic modulator (EOM) and an arbitrary waveform generator to precisely control optical sideband spectra. The technique accurately tailors both amplitude and phase for complex spectral generation.

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    Area of Science:

    • Photonics
    • Optical Engineering
    • Signal Processing

    Background:

    • Electro-optic modulators (EOMs) are crucial for manipulating optical signals.
    • Precisely controlling the amplitude and phase of generated sidebands is challenging.
    • Existing methods may lack flexibility or require complex experimental setups.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To present a novel and simple method for arbitrary tailoring of optical sideband amplitude and phase.
    • To demonstrate the capability of generating complex optical spectra with high accuracy.
    • To overcome limitations in spectral control using phase-only modulation.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilizing a single phase-shifting electro-optic modulator (EOM).
    • Driving the EOM with an arbitrary waveform generator.
    • Employing an iterative phase retrieval algorithm to calculate the necessary time-domain phase modulation based on desired spectral characteristics and physical constraints.

    Main Results:

    • The iterative algorithm consistently finds solutions that accurately recreate the desired optical spectrum (amplitude and phase).
    • The method effectively redistributes optical power to unspecified spectral regions, a consequence of phase-only modulation.
    • Experimental demonstration confirms the generation of complex spectra with high fidelity.

    Conclusions:

    • The presented technique offers a straightforward and highly accurate approach for arbitrary optical sideband spectral tailoring.
    • This method significantly advances the control capabilities of electro-optic modulators for spectral engineering.
    • The Fourier limitation is identified as the primary theoretical constraint on spectral arbitrariness.