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Omnidirectional optical communication system designed for underwater swarm robotics.

Hao Zhang, Yunhai Gao, Zhijian Tong

    Optics Express
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    This study presents an omnidirectional underwater wireless optical communication (UWOC) system for robotic fish. It achieves stable, high-speed data transmission in underwater environments, outperforming acoustic systems.

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    Area of Science:

    • Engineering
    • Optical Communications
    • Robotics

    Background:

    • Underwater wireless communication is crucial for autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) swarms.
    • Existing acoustic communication methods suffer from low data rates and limited security.
    • Optical communication offers a potential alternative with higher bandwidth and security.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To propose and demonstrate an omnidirectional underwater wireless optical communication (UWOC) system.
    • To integrate the UWOC system into a robotic fish for mobile communication.
    • To evaluate the system's performance in terms of data rate, range, and stability.

    Main Methods:

    • Design and implementation of a lens-free, omnidirectional UWOC system with six transceivers.
    • Integration of the UWOC system into a self-designed robotic fish.
    • Real-time signal processing using an integrated micro-control unit (MCU).
    • Experimental demonstration of communication in a 7-m underwater channel.

    Main Results:

    • Achieved omnidirectional communication with a data rate of 5 Mbps over a 7-m underwater channel.
    • Demonstrated stable communication links (2 Mbps, up to 7 m) between mobile nodes, irrespective of locomotion and attitude.
    • The system exhibits a small footprint and low power consumption.

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed omnidirectional UWOC system is suitable for integration into AUV swarms.
    • It enables low-latency, high-security, and high-data-rate information transmission.
    • Offers a superior alternative to acoustic communication for underwater applications.