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Haematological Parameters in People with Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease versus Those Who are Only at Risk for
Ebsitu Abate1, Maria Degef1, Addisu Melkie2
1Department of Medical Biochemistry Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Insights
Elevated mean platelet volume (MPV) is linked to atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risks. This common hematological parameter, along with hs-CRP, may help predict ASCVD risk and morbidity.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Hematology
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Cardiovascular disease (CVD), particularly atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), is a leading global cause of mortality.
- ASCVD is associated with numerous risk factors including hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and smoking.
- These risk factors and ASCVD itself can disrupt physiological functions, notably affecting hematological parameters.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare hematological parameter patterns in patients with established ASCVD versus those with ASCVD risk factors alone.
- To investigate the correlation between hematological parameters and the inflammatory marker high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) in these groups.
Main Methods:
- A prospective, cross-sectional comparative study involving 100 participants was conducted.
- Hematological parameters, lipids, and hs-CRP levels were determined from blood samples.
- Socio-demographic data were collected using a structured questionnaire.
Main Results:
- The group with ASCVD risk factors exhibited significantly higher mean platelet volume (MPV) compared to the ASCVD group.
- A significant positive correlation was observed between hs-CRP levels and MPV.
- MPV emerged as a potential indicator associated with ASCVD risk.
Conclusions:
- Mean platelet volume (MPV) may serve as a valuable, accessible biomarker for identifying individuals at risk for ASCVD.
- Routine hematological tests, including MPV, could aid in assessing ASCVD risk and morbidity.
- Further research is needed to clarify the role of hs-CRP in relation to ASCVD cases versus controls.
Introduction:
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the foremost killer disease worldwide. ASCVD is one of the most common types of CVD. It is mainly associated with a condition called atherosclerosis. Its occurrence is linked to several risk factors. Hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, smoking, genetic factors, and so on are examples. The presence of ASCVD, as well as its risk factors, causes a variety of disruptions in the body's physiological and biological functions. The presence of abnormal physiological and biological functions, for example, tends to disrupt hematological parameters.
Purpose:
The study's aim was to assess and compare the pattern of hematological parameters in people with established atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASVD) versus people with ASCVD risks alone who attended TASH Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, as well as to correlate hematological parameters with the novel inflammatory marker hs-CRP.
Methods:
A prospective cross-sectional comparative study with 100 study participants was conducted during where October 2019-March 2020 proposal development, sample collection, and lab analysis period, and from March 2020-June to 2021 data entry, analysis, and writing period. A serum sample was collected from each study participant for the lipid and hsCRP analyses and whole blood for hematological parameter determination. The socio-demographic characteristics of the study participants were obtained through a well-structured questionnaire.
Results:
The ASCVD-risk group had significantly higher mean platelet volume (MPV), which was associated with the presence of the risk. Furthermore, hs-CRPs show a significant correlation with MPV in a correlation analysis of highly sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) with hematological parameters. Thus, using these affordable, routinely tested, and easily available tests may help to infer future ASCVD risk as well as the presence of ASCVD morbidity while hsCRP level in comparison group vs cases requires further study.
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