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Use of the Newborn Behavioral Observations System as an early intervention for infants and their parents: A scoping
Satoshi Yago1, Yuki Takahashi2, Emi Tsukamoto3
1Department of Child and Family Nursing, Graduate School of Health Care Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan.
Insights
The Newborn Behavioral Observations (NBO) system supports parents and infants. Early NBO intervention positively impacts maternal mental health, practitioner confidence, and infant development, though long-term effects require further study.
Area of Science:
- Infant and Parent Psychology
- Early Childhood Development
- Family-Centered Care
Background:
- The Newborn Behavioral Observations (NBO) system is a relationship-based tool designed to enhance parent-infant bonding and parental awareness of infant abilities.
- It facilitates a positive parent-child relationship from birth, promoting sensitive caregiving.
Purpose of the Study:
- To conduct a scoping review of research on the early NBO intervention over 17 years.
- To identify research gaps and inform future research directions for the NBO System.
Main Methods:
- A scoping review methodology guided by Arksey and O'Malley and PRISMA-ScR Checklist.
- Searched six databases (PubMed, CINAHL, MEDLINE, Google Scholar, Ichushi-Web, CiNii) for English and Japanese articles (Jan 2006-Sep 2022).
- Included hand-searched reference lists and NBO site resources.
Main Results:
- 29 articles were selected and analyzed, identifying four themes: NBO usage patterns, intervention characteristics (participants, setting, duration, frequency), outcome measures, and qualitative findings.
- Early NBO intervention demonstrated positive effects on maternal mental health, maternal sensitivity, practitioner confidence and knowledge, and infant development.
- The NBO system has been implemented across diverse cultures, settings, and professional disciplines.
Conclusions:
- The early NBO intervention shows positive outcomes in various contexts.
- Further research is needed to evaluate the long-term effects of the NBO intervention on a broader range of participants.
- Future studies should address identified research gaps to further support the NBO system's application.
Background:
The Newborn Behavioral Observations (NBO) system is an infant-focused, family-centered, relationship-based tool designed to help parents become aware of their baby's abilities and to promote a positive parent-child relationship from the very beginning of birth.
Aims:
The aim of this scoping review was to provide an overview of the key characteristics of the research and evidence accumulated over the past 17 years on the early NBO intervention for infants and their parents to identify the existing research gaps and to inform the future direction of research on the NBO System.
Study Design:
A scoping review guided by Arksey and O'Malley's methodological framework and the PRISMA-ScR Checklist was conducted. This review used six databases (PubMed, CINAHL, MEDLINE, Google Scholar, Ichushi-Web, and CiNii) and was limited to English and Japanese language articles from January 2006, when the NBO was developed, to September 2022. Reference lists were also hand-searched to further identify relevant articles from the NBO site.
Results:
A total of 29 articles were selected. Through the analysis of included articles, four overarching themes were identified: (1) usage pattern of the NBO; (2) participants, setting, duration, and frequency of the NBO intervention; (3) outcome measures and effects of the NBO intervention; and (4) findings from a qualitative perspective. The review suggested that early NBO intervention had a positive impact on maternal mental health and sensitivity to the infant, confidence and knowledge of practitioners, and infant development.
Conclusions:
This scoping review shows that the early NBO intervention has been implemented in a variety of cultures and settings and by professionals of various disciplines. However, research to evaluate the long-term effects of this intervention on a wider range of subjects is needed.
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