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One Health for fascioliasis control in human endemic areas
Santiago Mas-Coma1, M Adela Valero1, M Dolores Bargues1
1Departamento de Parasitología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Valencia, Av. Vicente Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100 Burjassot, - Valencia, Spain; CIBER de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, C/Monforte de Lemos 3-5. Pabellón 11. Planta 0, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
Abstract:
Fasciola hepatica and F. gigantica are liver flukes causing fascioliasis, a worldwide zoonotic, complex disease. Human infection/reinfection occurs in endemic areas where preventive chemotherapy is applied, because of fasciolid transmission ensured by livestock and lymnaeid snail vectors. A One Health control action is the best complement to decrease infection risk. The multidisciplinary framework needs to focus on freshwater transmission foci and their environment, lymnaeids, mammal reservoirs, and inhabitant infection, ethnography and housing. Local epidemiological and transmission knowledge furnished by previous field and experimental research offers the baseline for control design. A One Health intervention should be adapted to the endemic area characteristics. Long-term control sustainability may be achieved by prioritizing measures according to impact depending on available funds.
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