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Updated: Jul 25, 2025

Efficient Agroinfiltration of Plants for High-level Transient Expression of Recombinant Proteins
Published on: July 23, 2013
Geminiviral betasatellites: critical viral ammunition to conquer plant immunity
Sunil Kumar1, Neha Gupta1, Supriya Chakraborty2
1Molecular Virology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India.
Abstract:
Geminiviruses have mastered plant cell modulation and immune invasion to ensue prolific infection. Encoding a relatively small number of multifunctional proteins, geminiviruses rely on satellites to efficiently re-wire plant immunity, thereby fostering virulence. Among the known satellites, betasatellites have been the most extensively investigated. They contribute significantly to virulence, enhance virus accumulation, and induce disease symptoms. To date, only two betasatellite proteins, βC1, and βV1, have been shown to play a crucial role in virus infection. In this review, we offer an overview of plant responses to betasatellites and counter-defense strategies deployed by betasatellites to overcome those responses.
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