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Ten-Year Performance of Posterior 6-mm Implants with Single-Tooth Restorations: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

P Sahrmann1, N Naenni2, R E Jung2

  • 1Clinic of Periodontology, Endodontology and Cariology, University Center of Dental Medicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.

Journal of Dental Research
|June 30, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Short dental implants (6-mm) show comparable 10-year survival rates to longer implants (10-mm) in posterior jaw single-crown restorations. Despite a slightly lower survival rate, short implants are a viable option when bone height is limited.

Keywords:
alveolar bone lossclinical researchdental radiographymarginal bone levelperi-implantitissingle-tooth dental implants

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Area of Science:

  • Dentistry
  • Oral Implantology
  • Prosthodontics

Background:

  • Single-tooth replacement in posterior jaws often requires bone augmentation for longer implants.
  • Short dental implants offer a less invasive alternative, potentially avoiding complex surgical procedures.
  • Long-term clinical and radiographic outcomes of short versus longer implants are crucial for treatment decision-making.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the 10-year clinical and radiographic outcomes of 6-mm short dental implants versus 10-mm longer implants with single crown restorations.
  • To evaluate survival rates, marginal bone levels, and technical complications between short and longer implants.

Main Methods:

  • A randomized controlled trial involving 94 patients requiring single-tooth replacement in posterior jaws.
  • Patients were assigned to either a 6-mm short implant (TG) or a 10-mm longer implant (CG) group.
  • Implants were loaded after 10 weeks, with annual follow-ups for 10 years, assessing clinical and radiographic parameters.

Main Results:

  • Survival rates were 85.7% for short implants and 97.1% for longer implants, with no statistically significant difference (P = 0.072).
  • Marginal bone levels remained stable in both groups, with no significant intergroup differences.
  • A significant difference was observed in the crown-to-implant ratio (P < 0.001), with short implants having a higher ratio.

Conclusions:

  • Short dental implants (6-mm) with single-crown restorations demonstrate a comparable, though slightly lower, survival rate to longer implants (10-mm) after 10 years.
  • Short implants are a valuable alternative, particularly in cases with limited vertical bone dimensions, provided stringent professional maintenance is maintained.
  • Late osseointegration loss, without inflammation, was noted in some short implant failures, primarily in the lower jaw.