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Machine Learning Algorithms for Early Detection of Bone Metastases in an Experimental Rat Model
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Multilingual RECIST classification of radiology reports using supervised learning.

Luc Mottin1,2, Jean-Philippe Goldman3, Christoph Jäggli4

  • 1HES-SO\HEG Genève, Information Sciences, Geneva, Switzerland.

Frontiers in Digital Health
|June 30, 2023
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study explores AI and NLP for automatic RECIST classification from radiology reports. The best models achieve high accuracy, comparable to expert labeling, and generalize well to new data.

Keywords:
RECISTlanguage modelsnarrative text classificationradiology reportssupervised machine learning

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Informatics
  • Artificial Intelligence
  • Natural Language Processing

Background:

  • Accurate tumor response assessment is crucial for cancer treatment.
  • Manual RECIST classification from radiology reports can be time-consuming and subjective.
  • Automating RECIST classification can improve efficiency and consistency.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore AI and NLP techniques for automatic RECIST classification.
  • To evaluate the impact of language (French, German) and institutional factors on classification quality.
  • To assess the generalizability and accuracy of developed models.

Main Methods:

  • Evaluated 7 machine learning methods for baseline performance.
  • Developed and fine-tuned models for French and German languages.
  • Compared model performance against expert annotations using metrics like F1-score, Matthew's correlation coefficient, and Cohen's Kappa.

Main Results:

  • Achieved average F1-scores of 90% for 2-class (Progressive/Non-progressive) and 86% for 4-class RECIST classification.
  • Performance metrics were competitive with manual labeling (MCC 79%, Kappa 76%).
  • Demonstrated model generalizability on unseen data.

Conclusions:

  • AI and NLP techniques effectively support automatic RECIST classification.
  • Language and institutional specificities have a manageable impact on classification quality.
  • Pre-trained Language Models (PLMs) can enhance classifier accuracy.