Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Interference and Decay01:16

Interference and Decay

173
Forgetting is a complex cognitive phenomenon influenced by several factors, among which interference and decay are particularly prominent. These processes explain why individuals often struggle to retrieve specific information from memory, leading to lapses in recall that can be observed in everyday situations.
Interference occurs when competing memories hinder the retrieval of particular information. It can be classified into two types: proactive and retroactive interference. Proactive...
173
Language and Cognition01:27

Language and Cognition

376
Language serves as a bridge between ideas and communication, influencing how individuals perceive and interact with the world. Psychologists have long debated whether language shapes thought or vice versa. This discussion gained grip with Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s, who proposed that language determines thought, a concept known as linguistic determinism. They suggested that the vocabulary and structure of a language influence how its speakers think and perceive reality.
376
Interference: Path Lengths01:10

Interference: Path Lengths

1.3K
Consider two sources of sound, that may or may not be in phase, emitting waves at a single frequency, and consider the frequencies to be the same.
Two special sources may be considered when they are in phase. This can be easily achieved by feeding the two sources from the same source. An example would be synchronizing the two speakers by feeding them with the same source, such as the sound waves produced by a tuning fork. This setup ensures that the two sources have the same frequency and are...
1.3K
Sound Waves: Interference00:53

Sound Waves: Interference

3.8K
Sound waves can be modeled either as longitudinal waves, wherein the molecules of the medium oscillate around an equilibrium position, or as pressure waves. When two identical waves from the same source superimpose on each other, the combination of two crests or two troughs results in amplitude reinforcement known as constructive interference. If two identical waves, that are initially in phase, become out of phase because of different path lengths, the combination of crests with troughs...
3.8K
Higher Mental Functions of the Brain: Language01:10

Higher Mental Functions of the Brain: Language

928
Language is a system of communication that allows the expression of thoughts, ideas, and feelings. The brain processes language in both hemispheres.
Language formation and comprehension take place in the dominant hemisphere. The dominant hemisphere is responsible for understanding the meaning of spoken, written, or sign language, as well as the ability to communicate. For most people, the left hemisphere is the dominant one. The right hemisphere, then, gives tone and emotional context to the...
928
Forgetting01:21

Forgetting

100
Forgetting is an intrinsic aspect of human memory, characterized by the gradual loss or inaccessibility of information over time. Hermann Ebbinghaus, a pioneering psychologist, extensively studied this phenomenon and formulated the forgetting curve. This curve illustrates that memory loss occurs rapidly immediately after learning and then decelerates over time. Several mechanisms contribute to forgetting, including encoding failure, storage decay, retrieval failure, and interference.
Encoding...
100

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

The lexical boost in structural priming: The syntactic head matters but adjacency does not.

Journal of experimental psychology. Learning, memory, and cognition·2026
Same author

Disfluencies reflect a... uh... competition between response options: Evidence from a drift diffusion analysis.

Psychonomic bulletin & review·2025
Same author

Speech disfluencies in children with developmental dyslexia: How do they differ from typical development?

International journal of language & communication disorders·2023
Same author

The effects of discourse coherence on the persistence of sentence structures.

Journal of experimental psychology. Learning, memory, and cognition·2023
Same author

Purposeful listening in challenging conditions: A study of prediction during consecutive interpreting in noise.

PloS one·2023
Same author

Can object identification difficulty be predicted based on disfluencies and eye-movements in connected speech?

PloS one·2023
Same journal

Desert lizards modulate nutritional responses to match seasonal biological needs.

Royal Society open science·2026
Same journal

Multi-generational fidelity, ecological and social determinants of roosting in a cooperatively breeding bird (<i>Argya squamiceps</i>).

Royal Society open science·2025
Same journal

Multifaceted polarization and information reliability in climate change discussions on social media platforms.

Royal Society open science·2025
Same journal

Comparing the kinematics related to inflicted head injury between violent shaking of a 6-week-old and a 1-year-old infant surrogate.

Royal Society open science·2025
Same journal

Partner choice increases observed reciprocity-based cooperation but decreases unobserved stake-based cooperation.

Royal Society open science·2025
Same journal

Importation models for travel-related SARS-CoV-2 cases reported in Newfoundland and Labrador during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Royal Society open science·2025
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 25, 2025

Examining Online Syntactic Processing of Spoken Complex Sentences in Chinese Using Dual-Modal Interference Tasks
08:32

Examining Online Syntactic Processing of Spoken Complex Sentences in Chinese Using Dual-Modal Interference Tasks

Published on: September 5, 2019

5.7K

Semantic interference affects speech production by increasing disfluencies, not errors.

Kelly Rapoeye1, Robert J Hartsuiker1, Aurélie Pistono1

  • 1Department of Experimental Psychology, Ghent University, 9000 Gent, Belgium.

Royal Society Open Science
|June 30, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Lexical-semantic difficulty in language production triggers more disfluencies, such as self-corrections and pauses, but fewer errors. This suggests distinct language stages produce unique disfluency patterns.

Keywords:
connected speechdisfluencynetwork tasksemantic interference

More Related Videos

Interaction between Phonological and Semantic Processes in Visual Word Recognition using Electrophysiology
05:38

Interaction between Phonological and Semantic Processes in Visual Word Recognition using Electrophysiology

Published on: June 29, 2021

2.4K
A Cognitive Paradigm to Investigate Interference in Working Memory by Distractions and Interruptions
10:38

A Cognitive Paradigm to Investigate Interference in Working Memory by Distractions and Interruptions

Published on: July 16, 2015

13.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 25, 2025

Examining Online Syntactic Processing of Spoken Complex Sentences in Chinese Using Dual-Modal Interference Tasks
08:32

Examining Online Syntactic Processing of Spoken Complex Sentences in Chinese Using Dual-Modal Interference Tasks

Published on: September 5, 2019

5.7K
Interaction between Phonological and Semantic Processes in Visual Word Recognition using Electrophysiology
05:38

Interaction between Phonological and Semantic Processes in Visual Word Recognition using Electrophysiology

Published on: June 29, 2021

2.4K
A Cognitive Paradigm to Investigate Interference in Working Memory by Distractions and Interruptions
10:38

A Cognitive Paradigm to Investigate Interference in Working Memory by Distractions and Interruptions

Published on: July 16, 2015

13.7K

Area of Science:

  • Psycholinguistics
  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Speech Production

Background:

  • Disfluencies in speech can indicate difficulties during language production.
  • Different stages of language processing may lead to varied types of speech errors and disfluencies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if lexical-semantic processing difficulties specifically trigger errors and disfluencies in connected speech.
  • To differentiate disfluency patterns based on the stage of language production.

Main Methods:

  • Combined a network task with a picture-word interference task.
  • Analyzed speech disfluencies and errors in participants under varying semantic distractor conditions.

Main Results:

  • Participants produced significantly more disfluencies when presented with semantically related distractor words compared to unrelated distractors.
  • Semantic errors were infrequent, suggesting disfluencies, not errors, are the primary output of lexical-semantic difficulty.
  • Lexical-semantic difficulties were linked to increased self-corrections and silent pauses.

Conclusions:

  • Difficulties at distinct stages of language production result in specific patterns of disfluency.
  • Lexical-semantic processing challenges manifest as self-corrections and silent pauses.
  • Findings have implications for understanding the speech monitoring system's role in real-time language production.