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Radiometal chelators for infection diagnostics.

Asma Akter1, Oliver Lyons2,3, Varun Mehra4

  • 1Department of Analytical, Environmental and Forensic Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.

Frontiers in Nuclear Medicine
|June 30, 2023
PubMed
Summary

New imaging techniques using radiometal-chelator complexes offer improved specificity for diagnosing microbial infections. These targeted approaches can identify infection sites and potentially guide antimicrobial therapy, addressing limitations of current diagnostic methods.

Keywords:
PET/CT imagingchelatorsgallium-68immunocompromisedinfection diagnosticsradiometalssiderophores

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Area of Science:

  • Nuclear Medicine
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Radiochemistry

Background:

  • Current noninvasive diagnostic tests for infection are often inaccurate and difficult to interpret, especially in immunocompromised patients.
  • Existing imaging modalities like [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose (18FDG) positron emission computed tomography (PET/CT) lack specificity, failing to differentiate infection from inflammation or malignancy and identify pathogen type.
  • There is a critical need for imaging tools that can specifically detect and localize microbial infections.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current infection imaging diagnostics and their limitations.
  • To explore strategies for developing infection-specific diagnostic tools.
  • To highlight recent advances in radiometal-based chelators for microbial infection imaging and targeted therapy.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on infection imaging diagnostics.
  • Exploration of radiometal-chelator complexes (siderophores) for microbial targeting.
  • Discussion of bifunctional chelators for combined imaging and targeted antimicrobial therapy.

Main Results:

  • Radiometal-chelator complexes show promise for specific microbial targeting and in vivo localization via PET or single photon emission computed tomography.
  • Bifunctional chelators enable simultaneous imaging and targeted delivery of therapeutic molecules.
  • These novel approaches could complement existing strategies against antimicrobial resistance.

Conclusions:

  • Radiometal-chelator complexes represent a significant advancement in developing specific microbial infection imaging diagnostics.
  • The ability to combine imaging with targeted therapy offers a promising new avenue for managing infections.
  • Further research is needed to overcome challenges and fully realize the potential of these targeted diagnostics and therapeutics.