Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Naturalistic Observations02:30

Naturalistic Observations

15.5K
If you want to understand how behavior occurs, one of the best ways to gain information is to simply observe the behavior in its natural context. However, people might change their behavior in unexpected ways if they know they are being observed. How do researchers obtain accurate information when people tend to hide their natural behavior? As an example, imagine that your professor asks everyone in your class to raise their hand if they always wash their hands after using the restroom. Chances...
15.5K
Modeling and Similitude01:12

Modeling and Similitude

293
Scaled modeling is a fundamental technique in engineering, enabling the study of large and complex systems by creating smaller, manageable replicas that recreate critical characteristics of the original. In hydrology and civil infrastructure, for example, scaled models of dams help analyze water flow, turbulence, and pressure. This method allows for accurate predictions of real-world behavior within a controlled environment, significantly reducing the cost and time involved in full-scale...
293
Social Scripts02:10

Social Scripts

9.4K
People tend to know what behavior is expected of them in specific, familiar settings. A script is a person’s knowledge about the sequence of events expected in a specific setting (Schank & Abelson, 1977). Essentially, scripts are a particular kind of schema, one containing default values for the features within an event. In the restaurant example, the script's features include the props (e.g., tables, menu, food, and money), the roles to be played (e.g., customer and waiter),...
9.4K
The Sense of Self: Reflected Self-Appraisal and Social Comparison02:57

The Sense of Self: Reflected Self-Appraisal and Social Comparison

50.1K
According to Charles Cooley, we base our image on what we think other people see (Cooley 1902). We imagine how we must appear to others, then react to this speculation. We don certain clothes, prepare our hair in a particular manner, wear makeup, use cologne, and the like—all with the notion that our presentation of ourselves is going to affect how others perceive us. We expect a certain reaction, and, if lucky, we get the one we desire and feel good about it. But more than that, Cooley...
50.1K
Schemas01:42

Schemas

11.7K
A schema is a mental construct consisting of a cluster or collection of related concepts (Bartlett, 1932). There are many different types of schemata, and they all have one thing in common: schemata are a method of organizing information that allows the brain to work more efficiently. When a schema is activated, the brain makes immediate assumptions about the person or object being observed.
11.7K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Patients' Voices and the Assessment of Medical Trainees: A Discourse Analysis.

Perspectives on medical education·2026
Same author

Scales, Intervals, and Dissonance: Do Interpretations of Harmonized ACGME Milestone Levels Vary by User Role and Specialty?

Journal of graduate medical education·2026
Same author

Inside Their Minds: A Multi-Institutional Exploration into the Decision-Making of Medical School Competency Committee Members.

Perspectives on medical education·2026
Same author

Use of entrustable professional activities for reliable overall entrustment decisions.

Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges·2026
Same author

Deconstructing Participant Behaviors in Virtual Reality Simulation: Ethnographic Analysis.

JMIR medical education·2025
Same author

The Perils of Excessively Relying on Medicine's Tradition of Standardization.

Perspectives on medical education·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 25, 2025

Creating Virtual-hand and Virtual-face Illusions to Investigate Self-representation
06:53

Creating Virtual-hand and Virtual-face Illusions to Investigate Self-representation

Published on: March 1, 2017

13.3K

How Augmenting Reality Changes the Reality of Simulation: Ethnographic Analysis.

Daniel Loeb1, Jamie Shoemaker2, Allison Parsons3

  • 1Division of Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States.

JMIR Medical Education
|June 30, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Augmented reality (AR) simulation enhances focus on digital findings, while traditional mannequin (TM) simulation directs attention to monitors. Both modalities face challenges with realism, impacting learner trust and communication effectiveness in medical education.

Keywords:
augmented realitycomputerized mannequinsimulationvideo review

More Related Videos

The HoneyComb Paradigm for Research on Collective Human Behavior
06:48

The HoneyComb Paradigm for Research on Collective Human Behavior

Published on: January 19, 2019

9.4K
Evaluating Usability Aspects of a Mixed Reality Solution for Immersive Analytics in Industry 4.0 Scenarios
06:02

Evaluating Usability Aspects of a Mixed Reality Solution for Immersive Analytics in Industry 4.0 Scenarios

Published on: October 6, 2020

2.3K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 25, 2025

Creating Virtual-hand and Virtual-face Illusions to Investigate Self-representation
06:53

Creating Virtual-hand and Virtual-face Illusions to Investigate Self-representation

Published on: March 1, 2017

13.3K
The HoneyComb Paradigm for Research on Collective Human Behavior
06:48

The HoneyComb Paradigm for Research on Collective Human Behavior

Published on: January 19, 2019

9.4K
Evaluating Usability Aspects of a Mixed Reality Solution for Immersive Analytics in Industry 4.0 Scenarios
06:02

Evaluating Usability Aspects of a Mixed Reality Solution for Immersive Analytics in Industry 4.0 Scenarios

Published on: October 6, 2020

2.3K

Area of Science:

  • Medical Education Technology
  • Simulation-Based Medical Education (SBME)
  • Human-Computer Interaction in Healthcare

Background:

  • Simulation-based medical education (SBME) is crucial for practicing high-risk medical events.
  • Augmented reality (AR) simulation overlays digital findings onto the participant's view, enhancing realism for subtle signs like respiratory distress.
  • The comparative impact of AR versus traditional mannequin (TM) simulation on participant attention and behavior remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare and categorize provider attention and behavior during traditional mannequin (TM) and augmented reality (AR) simulation using video-based focused ethnography.
  • To provide educators with insights for differentiating between TM and AR simulation modalities.
  • To analyze how simulation modality influences participant focus, realism perception, and communication dynamics.

Main Methods:

  • Evaluated 20 interprofessional simulations (10 TM, 10 AR) of a decompensating child using video-based focused ethnography.
  • Employed a generative question: "How do the attention and behavior of participants vary based on the simulation modality?"
  • Utilized iterative data collection and analysis by a multidisciplinary review team (critical care, simulation, qualitative expertise).

Main Results:

  • Participant attention during AR simulation focused on digital findings, while TM simulation led to greater focus on the cardiorespiratory monitor.
  • Both modalities experienced a loss of realism when participants questioned the perceived or tangible findings (e.g., inability to touch an AR mannequin, uncertainty with TM findings).
  • Communication was clearer and calmer in TM simulations, whereas AR simulations resulted in more chaotic communication patterns.

Conclusions:

  • Key differences in simulation experiences were observed in focus, suspension of disbelief, and communication.
  • TM simulation may be superior for novice skill acquisition and basic communication strategies, while AR excels in advanced clinical assessment training.
  • AR simulation is potentially better suited for assessing communication and leadership in experienced clinicians due to its realistic depiction of critical events.