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Glaucoma: Novel antifibrotic therapeutics for the trabecular meshwork
Mengqi Qin1, Cynthia Yu-Wai-Man1
1King's College London, London, SE1 7EH, UK.
European Journal of Pharmacology
|June 30, 2023
Summary
Glaucoma treatment faces challenges from fibrosis in the trabecular meshwork (TM). This review explores anti-fibrotic therapies targeting TM dysfunction to lower intraocular pressure (IOP) and improve glaucoma outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Cell Biology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Glaucoma is a neurodegenerative disease causing vision loss, affecting 1% of the global population.
- Elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) is a primary modifiable risk factor for glaucoma.
- The trabecular meshwork (TM) regulates aqueous humor outflow and IOP; fibrosis impairs its function.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review current anti-fibrotic therapeutics for glaucoma targeting the trabecular meshwork (TM).
- To detail the mechanisms, efficacy, and research progress of these anti-fibrotic agents.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of pre-clinical and clinical studies on anti-fibrotic therapies for glaucoma.
- Analysis of therapeutic mechanisms targeting TM fibrosis and extracellular matrix deposition.
Main Results:
- Fibrosis in the TM contributes to primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and minimally invasive glaucoma surgery (MIGS) failure.
- Various anti-fibrotic agents demonstrate potential in pre-clinical and clinical settings.
- Mechanisms include inhibiting myofibroblast differentiation and reducing extracellular matrix deposition.
Conclusions:
- Anti-fibrotic therapies offer a promising strategy to manage TM dysfunction in glaucoma.
- Further research and clinical trials are crucial to establish the efficacy and safety of these treatments.
- Targeting TM fibrosis could represent a significant advancement in glaucoma management.
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