Exploring an immune cells-related molecule in STEMI by bioinformatics analysis

Area of Science:

• Cardiology
• Immunology
• Bioinformatics

Background:

• ST-elevated myocardial infarction (STEMI) remains a leading cause of global mortality.
• Despite advances, long-term prognosis for heart attack survivors is poor.
• Understanding STEMI pathogenesis, particularly immune molecular mechanisms, is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

• To identify novel serum biomarkers for STEMI.
• To explore potential new immune-related mechanisms underlying STEMI.
• To utilize bioinformatics for analyzing gene expression in STEMI patients.

Main Methods:

• Analysis of gene expression profiles from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database.
• Application of differential gene analysis and machine learning algorithms.
• Immune cell infiltration analysis and correlation studies using R software.

Main Results:

• Identified 146 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between STEMI and coronary artery disease (CAD) groups.
• Discovered significant differential infiltration of eleven immune cell types.
• Screened 25 DEGs correlated with monocytes and neutrophils, identifying ADM as a hub gene biomarker with >80% accuracy.

Conclusions:

• ADM emerges as a promising diagnostic biomarker for STEMI.
• ADM's positive correlation with monocytes and neutrophils suggests a role in STEMI's immune response.
• Findings offer insights into STEMI pathogenesis and potential new diagnostic/therapeutic strategies.