Troponin I Elevation after Elective Percutaneous Coronary Interventions: Prevalence and Risk Factors

Area of Science:

• Cardiology
• Biochemistry

Background:

• Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is a primary treatment for coronary artery disease (CAD).
• Peri-procedural myocardial injury, even after successful PCI, can diminish its benefits.
• Understanding post-procedural cardiac troponin I (cTnI) elevation is crucial for optimizing PCI outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

• To determine the prevalence of elevated cTnI after elective PCI.
• To identify risk factors associated with post-procedural cTnI elevation.
• To explore the relationship between cTnI levels and factors like age, BMI, smoking, diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, family history, left ventricular dysfunction, renal insufficiency, and stent characteristics.

Main Methods:

• A hospital-based observational study involving 50 patients undergoing elective PCI.
• Serum cTnI levels measured before and 24 hours after PCI using FIA8000 analyzer.
• Statistical analysis, including univariate and multivariate analysis, to assess predictors of cTnI elevation (>1.0 ng/ml).

Main Results:

• Eighteen patients (36.0%) showed post-procedural cTnI elevation; 8 (16.0%) had significant elevation (>1.0 ng/ml).
• The change in cTnI from baseline to 24 hours was not statistically significant (p=0.057).
• Elevated cTnI was significantly associated with older age (>50 years), elevated pre-procedural serum creatinine, and multi-vessel stenting.

Conclusions:

• Minor cTnI elevation is a frequent occurrence following elective PCI.
• Risk factors for this elevation include advanced age, impaired renal function, and the extent of coronary stenting.
• Early identification and management of these risk factors may help mitigate cardiac tissue injury and cTnI elevation post-PCI.