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[Effect of nutrition on lysosomal function during physical loading].

L E Panin, N N Maianskaia, T K Kliment'eva

    Voprosy Pitaniia
    |May 1, 1986
    PubMed
    Summary

    Diet composition significantly impacts lysosomal enzyme activity in cardiac, skeletal, and hepatic tissues. Carbohydrate-rich diets increase carbohydrate-degrading enzymes, while protein-lipid diets boost proteolytic enzymes.

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    Area of Science:

    • Biochemistry
    • Nutrition Science
    • Cell Biology

    Background:

    • Lysosomes are crucial cellular organelles involved in degradation processes.
    • Dietary composition can influence cellular metabolism and organelle function.
    • Understanding lysosomal responses to different diets is key to metabolic health.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the effects of three distinct isocaloric diets on lysosomal enzyme activities in various rat tissues.
    • To compare the impact of carbohydrate-rich, protein-lipid-rich, and basic diets on lysosomal function.
    • To examine the interaction between diet and physical exercise on lysosomal enzymes.

    Main Methods:

    • Rats were fed three balanced isocaloric diets with varying macronutrient ratios (protein, lipid, carbohydrate).

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  • Lysosomal enzyme activities, including beta-glucosidase, beta-N-acetyl-glucosaminidase, and cathepsin D, were measured in cardiac, skeletal, and hepatic tissues.
  • The effects of physical exercise on lysosomal enzymes were assessed in rats on different diets.

    • Main Results:

    • Carbohydrate-rich diets significantly increased carbohydrate-degrading enzymes (beta-glucosidase, beta-N-acetyl-glucosaminidase).
    • Protein-lipid diets led to increased activity of proteolytic enzymes (cathepsin D).
    • Physical exercise activated lysosomal enzymes and membrane labilization in rats on the basic diet, but showed reversed effects on the carbohydrate diet, stabilizing lysosomal membranes.

    Conclusions:

    • Dietary fat and carbohydrate content differentially modulate lysosomal enzyme activities.
    • Lysosomal enzyme responses to physical exercise are influenced by long-term dietary patterns.
    • Specific diets can either activate or stabilize lysosomal function, impacting cellular degradation pathways.