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Quantum simulation of thermodynamics in an integrated quantum photonic processor
F H B Somhorst1, R van der Meer1, M Correa Anguita1
1MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, P. O. box 217, 7500 AE, Enschede, The Netherlands.
Nature Communications
|July 1, 2023
Summary
Quantum physics reconciles unitary evolution with thermodynamics by showing global states drive local states toward maximum entropy. This study experimentally confirms this using photonic quantum simulations, preserving global purity.
Area of Science:
- Quantum Physics
- Thermodynamics
- Quantum Information
Background:
- Reconciling unitary quantum evolution (information-preserving) with thermodynamic laws (often irreversible) is a fundamental challenge.
- Global unitary evolution of quantum states can lead to local subsystems approaching maximum-entropy states.
Purpose of the Study:
- To experimentally demonstrate the convergence of local quantum states to maximum-entropy states.
- To show that global purity is maintained during this process.
- To explore the universality of this phenomenon using quantum simulations.
Main Methods:
- Utilizing linear quantum optics and a programmable integrated quantum photonic processor.
- Simulating arbitrary non-interacting Hamiltonians.
- Implementing an efficient certification method for global purity.
Main Results:
- Demonstrated convergence of local quantum states to a generalized Gibbs ensemble (maximum-entropy state).
- Successfully certified the retention of global purity.
- Showcased the universality of the phenomenon across simulated Hamiltonians.
Conclusions:
- Experimental evidence supports the theoretical resolution of the quantum-thermodynamic paradox.
- Photonic devices are suitable for quantum simulations, including those with non-Gaussian states.
- The findings highlight the interplay between quantum mechanics and thermodynamics in complex systems.
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