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The competence of neonatal intensive care nurses: A systematic review
Eeva Talus1, Hanna Seppänen1, Kristina Mikkonen1
1Research Unit of Health Sciences and Technology, University of Oulu, Finland Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; The Finnish Centre for Evidence-Based Health Care: A Joanna Briggs Institute, The Finnish Centre of Excellence, Helsinki, Finland.
Objective:
The objective was to conduct a systematic review describing the competencies required from nurses working in neonatal intensive care settings.
Design:
Systematic review.
Data Sources:
A total of eight databases, including PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL, MEDLINE, Mednar, Web of Science, ProQuest and Medic, were screened for relevant literature during February and September 2022.
Review Methods:
The systematic review process followed Joanna Briggs Institute guidelines. The inclusion criteria were: 1) (P = population) registered nurses; 2) (C = concept) the competence; 3) (C = context) nursing in neonatal intensive care units; and 4) cross-sectional study as study method. A critical appraisal tool for cross-sectional studies from Joanna Briggs Institute was used by two independent reviewers. After data extraction, thematic analysis was performed.
Results:
The database searches yielded a total of 8887 studies and after two independent evaluations, a total of 50 eligible studies were identified comprising of 7536 registered nurses working in neonatal intensive care units across 19 countries. The studies described four main competence themes: 1) neonatal care interventions; 2) caring for a dying infant; 3) family-centered care; and 4) neonatal intensive care interventions.
Conclusion:
Previous research has focused on evaluating specific competencies that are necessary in the neonatal intensive care setting. There is a need for research concerning the overall competence of nurses working in neonatal intensive care units. There was a lot of variety within the quality of the eligible studies and within the used instruments.
Protocol Registration:
This systematic review was registered in Prospero (PROSPERO 2022 CRD42022308028).
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