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Red mud with enhanced dealkalization performance by supercritical water technology for efficient SO2 capture.

Zimeng Nie1, Qun Zhao1, Qilin Zhao2

  • 1Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan Province, 650500, China.

Journal of Environmental Management
|July 2, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Supercritical water treatment effectively de-alkalizes red mud (RM) and enhances its use for sulfur dioxide (SO2) removal. This sustainable approach aids red mud utilization and pollution control in the aluminum industry.

Keywords:
DealkalizationIron leachingRed mudSupercritical waterWet slurry desulfurization

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Environmental Engineering
  • Chemical Engineering

Background:

  • Industrial solid waste red mud (RM) presents a global challenge due to its high alkalinity.
  • Sustainable utilization of RM requires effective de-alkalization and removal of insoluble alkali fractions.
  • Existing methods for RM treatment are often insufficient for complete alkali removal.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the novel application of supercritical water (SCW) and leaching agents for de-alkalizing Bayer RM.
  • To assess the efficacy of de-alkalized RM slurry in removing sulfur dioxide (SO2) from flue gas.
  • To elucidate the mechanisms behind alkali removal, iron leaching, and desulfurization performance.

Main Methods:

  • Treatment of red mud with supercritical water (SCW) and calcium oxide (CaO) as a leaching agent.
  • Analysis of alkali removal and iron leaching rates.
  • Evaluation of desulfurization performance of treated red mud slurries using flue gas containing SO2.
  • Microscopic and chemical analysis to understand the structural changes in red mud.

Main Results:

  • Optimal alkali removal (97.90%) and iron leaching (82.70%) achieved with RM-CaO-SW slurry.
  • SCW treatment disrupted aluminosilicate bonds, converting insoluble alkalis to soluble forms.
  • RM-SCW slurry demonstrated superior desulfurization performance (88.99% over 450 min) compared to other treatments.
  • Mechanisms include neutralization, redox reactions, and iron-catalyzed oxidation.

Conclusions:

  • Supercritical water treatment is a highly effective method for de-alkalizing red mud.
  • De-alkalized red mud shows significant potential for SO2 capture from flue gas.
  • This integrated approach offers a sustainable solution for red mud waste utilization and environmental protection.