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Catheter-Based Medical Device Biofilm Ablation Using Histotripsy: A Parameter Study.

Ryan Morse1, Christopher Childers1, Elizabeth Nowak2

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|July 2, 2023
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Summary

Histotripsy, a focused ultrasound therapy, can now rapidly remove catheter biofilms and kill planktonic bacteria. This advancement significantly speeds up treatment for hospital-acquired infections, making it clinically relevant.

Keywords:
AblationBacteriaBiofilmsCatheter-associated infectionsHistotripsy

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Medical Devices

Background:

  • Catheter-associated biofilms are a primary cause of hospital-acquired infections.
  • Histotripsy is a non-invasive, non-thermal focused ultrasound therapy.
  • Existing histotripsy methods for biofilm removal are time-consuming.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate methods for increasing the speed and efficiency of histotripsy-based biofilm ablation from medical catheters.
  • To explore the bactericidal effects of optimized histotripsy parameters on planktonic bacteria.

Main Methods:

  • Cultured Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA14) biofilms in vitro Tygon catheter mimics.
  • Treated biofilms with histotripsy using a 1 MHz transducer, varying pulsing rates and scanning methods.
  • Applied optimized parameters to assess bactericidal effects on planktonic PA14.

Main Results:

  • Achieved near-complete biofilm removal at treatment speeds up to 1 cm/s.
  • Demonstrated a 4.241 log reduction in planktonic bacteria at 2.4 cm/min.
  • Observed a 500-fold increase in biofilm removal speed and a 6.2-fold increase in bacterial killing speed compared to previous methods.

Conclusions:

  • Optimized histotripsy parameters enable significantly faster biofilm removal and bacterial killing.
  • Histotripsy shows potential for treating catheter-associated biofilms and planktonic bacteria within clinically relevant timeframes.